Ophthalmology in practice

The most common symptoms encountered in ophthalmic history are

• Visual disturbance

• Pain

• Wateriness

• Altered appearance

Monocular visual disturbance is represented by:

• The lesion cannot be located in the vitreous body

• The central nervous system is involved

• The lesion is on the posterior visual pathway

• The lesion is on the anterior visual pathways

Scotoma

• it is a imprecisely delimited area of ​​total reduction of vision surrounded by blind retina

• it is a well-defined area of normal retina surrounded by blind retina

• it is a well-defined area of ​​total or partial reduction of vision surrounded by the normal retina

• it is a white spot in the visual field

In positive scotoma the object seen by the patient

is simply blurred

• T

• F

Metamorphopsia

• is never present in optic nerve disease

• Objects appear distorted

• it is a specific symptom of optic nerve pathology

• highly suggestive of the presence of macular disease

Flashing lights

• it is a lens disorder

• is characteristic of macular pathology

• it is the result of retinal traction

• it is an irritation of the visual pathways

Floaters represents

• condensation of the vitreous

• retinal traction

• Opacities suspended in the vitreous gel

• occasionally blood

Pain arising from the surface of the eyeball, especially from the cornea, will usually be described as sharp

• T

• F

Epiphora

• Is the term used for excessive wateriness in the eye

• With a foreign body sensation or itch, which is highly suggestive of ocular irritation and excesive tear production

• Is pain associated with light

• In isolation, suggesting reduced drainage as the underly-ing cause

Examination of the eyeball consists in

• Central vision ( visual acuity)

• Peripheral vision ( visual field)

• External eye

• Cover test