Living Organisms and Homeostasis - NYS Regents Review

In single-celled organisms, materials are stored primarily in

• ribosomes

• mitochondria

• nuclei

• vacuoles

An ameba is a single-celled, heterotrophic organism. In order to meet its energy needs, it relies directly on the interaction of which cell structures?

• chloroplasts and the cell membrane

• the cell membrane and mitochondria

• nucleus and ribosomes

• vacuoles and the nucleus

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Recently, oil from a wrecked tanker resulted in a disaster in ecosystems containing many unique species. The potential loss of these species could result in

• an increase in the variety of genetic material available

• a decrease in organisms available for scientific research

• an increase in the stability of the affected ecosystems

• a decrease in pollution affecting the land and water

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Which process occurs at each link in a food chain?

• All the energy is stored in a newly made structure.

• Some energy is released into the environment as heat.

• Chemical energy is recycled.

• Atoms cycle among living organisms, producing energy.

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The diagram illustrates the release of chemical A from a human cell in response to a specific stimulus.

Which cell structure plays a direct role in the release of this chemical from the cell?

• nucleus

• ribosome

• chloroplast

• cell membrane

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Which statement is an example of a feedback mechanism in humans?

• An increase in the level of blood sugar results in the pancreas increasing the amount of insulin it secretes.

• Increased exposure to pathogenic bacteria results in an increase in the number of red blood cells produced.

• An increase in exercise results in a decrease in the rate of respiration.

• Increased muscle activity results in a decrease in heart rate.

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Many disorders are due to the inability of an individual to break down a particular chemical. Sometimes these disorders can be treated by giving the affected individual the appropriate

• enzymes

• antigens

• chromosomes

• organelles

Which sequence best represents the levels of organization in a paramecium, a single-celled organism?

• cells→tissues→organs→organ systems→organism

• organelles→organ systems→organism

• cells→organs→organ systems→organism

• organelles→organism

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Which row in the chart below correctly identifies the structure labeled Y in both diagrams and the process it performs?

• 
• 
• 
• 

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Which technique could be used to make the structures in the cells more visible when using a compound light microscope?

• paper chromatography

• staining

• electrophoresis

• gene manipulation

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