Thinking and Language; Mod 27

_______________ refers to mental activities and processes associated with thinking, knowing, remembering, and communicating information.

• Consciousness

• Reasoning

• Cognition

A(n) _________________ is a mental grouping of similar objects, events, states, ideas, and/or people, etc.

• heuristic

• algorithm

• concept

We often form concepts by developing prototypes, that is,

• mental images of the best example of a concept.

• algorithms that build step by step to a larger concept

• ideas about what is opposite in nature to the concept

ONE OF THE FOLLOWING IS AN INCORRECT COMPLETION OF THE SENTENCE:

Prototypes fail

• when examples contradict our prototypes

• when the boundary between concepts is fuzzy

• when examples contradict our prototypes

• when they are not congruent with our moods

Trial and error fails

• when perfecting an invention like the light bulb by trying a thousand filaments

• when there is a clear solution but trial and error might miss it forever

• when there is only one right answer

I'm shopping for items at the grocery store. I check only aisles related to the item I am looking for. (Like the canned meats section). I have used:

• trial and error

• an algorithm

• a heuristic

To solve a word jumble, I carefully check every single combination beginning with the letter “C” before moving on to a different starting letter.

• heuristic

• trial and error

• algorithm

Algebraic thinking lines up best with the concept of

• heuristics

• algorithms

• trial and error

________________ refers to our tendency to search for information which confirms our current theory, disregarding contradictory evidence.

• Confirmation bias

• Trial and error

• Fixation / mental set