5.11 Great Depression

What was a guiding principle of the New Deal economic policies?

• Pro-business tax breaks would solve the problems associated with urban poverty.

• Antitrust legislation would destroy the free market economy of the United States.

• Rugged individualism must be allowed to solve social inequality.

• Government must assume more responsibility for helping the poor.

President Franklin D. Roosevelt believed that declaring a bank holiday and creating the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) would help the nation’s banking system by

• restoring public confidence in the banks

• reducing government regulation of banks

• restricting foreign investments

• granting tax relief to individuals

During the 1930s, the conditions shown in this photograph occurred mainly

• on the Atlantic Coast

• on the Great Plains

• in the Rocky Mountains

• in the Pacific Northwest

This list identifies the benefits of a New Deal program from the 1930s. Which New Deal Program provided these benefits?

*Provided farmers with inexpensive fertilizer

*Built dams to reduce flooding and soil erosion

*Created jobs for unemployed workers

*Provided electricity to rural areas

• Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA)

• Works Progress Administration (WPA)

• Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC)

• Agricultural Adjustment Administration (AAA)

The political cartoon depicts President Franklin Roosevelt in 1934.

Based on the cartoon, how did President Roosevelt want to ease the Great Depression?

• by expanding the authority of legislative representatives

• by expanding the role of government in citizens’ lives

• by regulating the stock purchases by individual investors

• by restricting the spending by government on domestic projects

The cartoon illustrates which event leading to the onset of the Great Depression?

• Bank failures

• Black Tuesday

• Bonus March

• Election of Herbert Hoover

Which of the following compounded the devastation caused by the Great Depression?

• the beginning of World War II

• the Red Scare and infiltration of communistic ideas

• influenza epidemic and poor healthcare

• Midwestern drought and Dust Bowl

Use the quotation and your knowledge of U.S. history to answer the following question.

“Little by little the American federation is transforming itself into a union, marked by the growth in importance of the role of the federal capital. In the beginning the U.S. had only a small federal bureaucracy. Today, the central administration is powerful and rich.

--Andre Maurois in “This Was America”

Author Andre Maurois traveled through the U.S. in the 1930s and observed a growing unity in the American people. How did the New Deal help bring Americans closer together?

• The New Deal involved the federal government trying to fix a national problem.

• New Deal jobs and public works programs gave people something to agree upon.

• President Roosevelt, who designed the New Deal, was elected four times.

• The New Deal encouraged the spread of popular culture through radio and movies.

Social Security was a New Deal program designed to

• foster the growth of trade unions

• promote recovery through economic development

• give direct aid to American businesses

• give a minimum retirement income

What New Deal program employed large numbers of artists and writers during the Great Depression?

• National Recovery Administration (NRA)

• Agricultural Adjustment Administration (AAA)

• Works Progress Administration (WPA)

• National Youth Administration (NYA)