Epigenetics

What is the difference between genetics and epigenetics?

What are the four criteria for something being "epigenetic"?

Give an example of non-coding RNA and suggest its function.

Which of the following is correct?

• DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) catalyzes DNA methylation, in which its action can be undone by TET enzyme.

• Both decondensed chromatin and hypomethylation lead to gene expression.

• In case of cancer, aberrant DNA hypomethylation in CpG islands results in overexpression of genes.

• Methylation states cannot be transmitted during cell divisions.

• In mammals, only cytosines proceding guanines (CpG dinucleotides) are known to be highly methylated.

Histone H4 lysine 16 acetylation can be written simply as

Which of the following is correct?

• Histone lysine acetylation removes the positive charge on histones and enhances histone-DNA interactions

• Histone lysine acetylation relaxes chromatin that is associated with increased gene transcription.

• Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) are non-protein coding transcripts no longer than 200 nucleotides.

• The IncRNA Scaffold titrate proteins away from chromatin.

• Xist gene regulates the condensation of both two chromosomes in female mammals.

Which of the following is correct?

• DNMT inhibitors can prevent cancer by preventing histone modification by HAT in cancer cells.

• Methylation level can be used to determine the proportion of cancer cells.

• Zebularine's action could lead to the prevention of demethylation of DNA.

• Epigenetic changes and sequence mutations are irreversible,

• Both myelodysplastic syndrome and acute myeloid leukemia are caused by aberrant DNA hypermethylation leading to repression of tumor suppressor genes.