TOPIC 12 DAY 4 TYPES OF MUTATIONS

A substitution mutation occurs in a DNA sequence, as represented above. The table above shows the mRNA codons for some amino acids.

Based on this information, what is the expected effect of the mutation?

• The polypeptide will have fewer amino acids.

• The polypeptide will contain a different amino acid.

• The polypeptide will have the same amino acids.

• The polypeptide will contain an additional amino acid.

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SC.912.L.16.4

All six codons listed above code for the same amino acid during protein synthesis.

Which of the following statements describes an advantage of having multiple codons for the same amino acid?

• The length of the protein chain will be reduced.

• The effect of mutations in the DNA could be reduced.

• The ribosome will more quickly read the order of the bases during translation.

• The cell could use the bases that are most available in the nucleus to assemble DNA.

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SC.912.L.16.4

How is a point mutation different from a frameshift mutation?

• A point mutation always results in a frameshift mutation.

• A point mutation only results in a change in a single nucleotide base, while a frameshift mutation can result in a change in multiple nucleotide bases.

• A point mutation is a physical change, and a frameshift mutation is a chemical change.

• A point mutation is always harmful, and a frameshift mutation is never harmful.

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SC.912.L.16.4

A normal strand of DNA is shown below, followed by the same strand of DNA after mutations have occurred.

Normal strand: GTC CAT CTG ATT ACG GCA

Mutated strand: GTC CAT CGA TTA CGG CA

Which mutations have taken place?

• point and inversion mutations

• deletion and frameshift mutations

• inversion and deletion mutations

• point and frameshift mutations

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SC.912.L.16.4

What type of mutation occurs when a nucleotide base is replaced with a chemically similar nucleotide base and, therefore, there are no recognizable effects upon the organism?

• frameshift mutation

• silent mutation

• nonsense mutation

• missense mutation

Tags

SC.912.L.16.4