2.2/3 Geologic Processes & Dating

Pick the BEST description of the Outer Core.

• It is liquid & responsible for the Earth's magnetic field.

• It is a dense solid layer & the reason Earth's plates move.

• It is the outermost or top layer of Earth & has varying temperature & thickness.

• It is the middle layer of the Earth & has the most heat.

Which choice below lists the layers of Earth in order, from the top outermost layer of the Earth to the inside middle of the Earth?

• Outer Core --> Inner Core --> Mantle (Lithosphere -->Asthenosphere) --> Crust

• Crust --> Mantle (Lithosphere -->Asthenosphere) --> Outer Core --> Inner Core

• Mantle (Lithosphere -->Asthenosphere) --> Outer Core --> Crust --> Inner Core

• Crust --> Outer Core --> Mantle (Lithosphere -->Asthenosphere) --> Inner Core

How does Heat Flow in the Mantle affect the movement of Earth's tectonic plates?

• Heated material in the Mantle rises to the surface forming a heat cell that causes Crust to harden making the plates move.

• Heat gets transferred from the Mantle to the Crust by radiation which makes the plates move.

• Heated material in the Mantle expands and rises towards the crust where it cools then sinks again creating a convection current that causes the plates to move.

• Heat is conducted from the Earth's Mantle making the plates move from the gravitational pull from Earth's Core.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-1

How does the Earth's Inner Core compare to the Mantle?

• the Inner Core is thinner than the Mantle

• the Inner Core is less dense than the mantle

• the Inner Core is a liquid while the Mantle is a solid

• the Inner Core is closer to the Crust than the Mantle

How is a boiled egg a GOOD model of Earth's tectonic plates? How is it a BAD model?

• Good= egg white resemble the Mantle; Bad= it doesn't have a liquid core like Earth does

• Good= the shape matches the Earth; Bad= too many cracks in the egg to resemble tectonic plates

• Good= the cracks on the egg show how Earth's tectonic plates move; Bad= doesn't show all the different layers of the Earth

• Good= cracks on the egg shell resemble tectonic plate boundaries; Bad= plate movement isn't able to be shown

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-1

Which of the following choices CORRECTLY compares different rock formations near mountains and lakes?

• Igneous rock is formed by volcanoes releasing magma from the mantle, the rock cools & piles up forming a mountain. Rivers direct water to cool magma underground forming metamorphic rock under lake beds.

• Metamorphic rock is formed by the pressure & heat of tectonic plates & then pushed up as mountains form. Rivers deposit weathered rocks into lake beds forming sedimentary rock as more layers are added.

• Sedimentary rock is formed by the pressure & heat of tectonic plates & then pushed up as mountains form. Rivers deposit weathered rock to lake beds & form igneous rock over long periods of time.

• Mountains push weathered rocks underneath tectonic plates to form sedimentary rocks inside the mantle. Rivers erode igneous rocks over time to form metamorphic rock.

Which of the following choices BEST explains the benefits and limitations of the model?

• the model includes types of rocks but doesn't give a visual representation of the rocks

• the model includes the effects of temperature on rocks & a volcanic eruption

• the model includes what is needed for rocks to form but not their source

• the model includes a path of formation but can be confusing to read

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-4

The most active volcano in the world is the Mayon Volcano in the Philippines, erupting over 47 times in the last 500 years! It is located on a Convergent (oceanic-continental) Boundary where the plates subduct. Which of the following choices BEST explains how the interaction between these 2 plates are able to cause a volcanic eruption?

• the more dense oceanic crust is forced under the less dense continental crust which causes the continental crust to heat up, melt, & flow upward as magma

• the 2 equally dense tectonic plates separate allowing magma from the crust to flow upward & out of the opening that formed between the 2 plates

• the less dense oceanic crust is forced under the more dense continental crust which causes the oceanic crust to heat up, melt, & flow upward as magma

• the 2 equally dense tectonic plates collide & push upward which cause friction to heat up & melt the crust between the 2 rising plates

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-1

NGSS.MS-ESS2-2

Every year, southern California has about 10,000 earthquakes because it sits at the border of 2 major tectonic plates- the Pacific plate that moves northwest & the North American plate that moves southeast. Which of the following choices BEST describes why earthquakes happen often in California?

• the 2 plates form a Transform Boundary because earthquakes are caused by plates sliding past each other

• the 2 plates form a Subductive Boundary because earthquakes are caused by plates sliding past each other

• the 2 plates form a Transform Boundary because earthquakes are caused by the Pacific plate subducting under the North American plate

• the 2 plates form a Subductive Boundary because earthquakes are caused by the Pacific plate subducting under the North American plate

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS3-2

Which of the following choices BEST explains how volcanoes are formed on Earth?

• weathering and erosion carve out an opening at the tops of mountains which allows magma in the ground to rise and cause eruptions

• water under the crust heats the magma moving from the mantle to the bottom of the crust until pressure increases & it erupts

• plates forming a Divergent Boundary cause mountains to separate leaving room for magma to enter & erupt

• hot magma in the mantle convects slowly moving as heat circulates from the core to the surface pulling or pushing the tectonic plates