Enlightenment

Choose the best option:

Enlightenment philosophers began questioning...

• religion

• role of government

• the geocentric theory

European monarchs justified their rule by claiming...

• god gave them the right to rule (divine right)

• swamp creatures gave them the right to rule

• the people gave them the right to rule

Which of the following best describes the state of nature?

• A theory that best supports the environment

• How humans behaved in nature without government

• How humans have supported the environment in the past

What is the social contract theory?

• How humans behaved without government

• People give their leaders the right to rule and can change their government if unhappy

• the collective will of the people promote the public good and make up the government

What was Hobbes view on the purpose of government?

• People were violent and needed absolute rulers

• People did not need government

• The only role of government was to protect life, liberty and property

What was Locke's view on the purpose of government?

• Government should separate the legislative, executive and judicial branches

• People were violent and needed an absolute monarch

• The king (sovereign) must "govern lightly" and not violate people's natural rights

Select all of the following that are considered natural rights according to Locke:

• life

• liberty

• the pursuit of happiness

• property

According to Rousseau what is the purpose of government?

• the sovereign (king) must protect people's natural rights

• to support the general will of the people

• the sovereign (king) must rule with absolute authority

According to Montesquieu, what is the purpose of government?

• To rule as an absolute monarch

• To protect people's natural rights

• To maintain law and order

How were women viewed during the Enlightenment period?

• As equals

• As the property of their fathers and husbands

• As equals, but their voices were not heard or valued