Matter and Energy Flow in an Ecosystem

Plants get the food they use for energy and growth by

• making it from the sunlight.

• absorbing it from the soil.

• eating small insects.

• breaking down bacteria.

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• Bacteria

• Soil

• Sun

• Water

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The process by which plants make food requires water, carbon dioxide and which of the following?

• Nutrients from the soil.

• Energy from the sun.

• Dead and decaying animals.

• Minerals found in rocks.

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• All organisms depend on other organisms for food.

• Every animal gets its energy from another kind of animal.

• All organisms will be eaten by another organism at some time.

• The original source of energy for all organisms is the sun.

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Animals get the energy hey need from growth and repair from

• the action of muscles.

• protective coloration.

• the food they eat.

• avoiding predators.

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Under which of the following conditions would a plant grow the best? A plant grown with ... would grow the best.

• water, soil, but no air

• water, air, but no soil

• soil, air, but no water

• soil, but no air or water

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Which of the following would provide the best evidence that plants require water for growth?

• Watering two plants on alternate days over a period of one year and measuring the growth of both plants.

• Comparing data on the growth rates of plants in habitats that receive lots of rain and plants in drier habitats.

• Growing 100 plants under identical conditions, but providing water to only 50 of the plants, then measuring the growth of all the plants.

• Timing how fast different seeds are able to grow in soil and how fast seeds are able to grow in water from several different sources.

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• The mass of the dry soil was greater than the tree after it grew.

• After the willow tree grew, the soil lost 0.1 kg of mass.

• The willow gained mass, but the soil lost almost no mass.

• The amount of mass the willow tree gained during the five years was 74.4 kg.

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As a plant grows, it gains mass. Which of the following provides the most matter that a plant uses for its growth?

• Gases in the air.

• Minerals in the soil.

• Salt in the water.

• Chemicals in fertilizers.

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The idea that plants do not need soil to grow is supported by which of the following observations?

• Plants remain green for several hours after being removed from the soil.

• Different types of plants grow better in different types of soil.

• Some plants are grown in containers with nothing buy water.

• When plants die, some of their nutrients are returned to the soil.

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