Excretory Products and their Elimination - Quiz 4

If Loop of Henle were absent from mammalian nephrons, which of the following is to be expected?

• The urine will be more dilute

• There will be no urine formation

• The urine will be more concentrated

• There will be hardly any change in quality and quantity of urine formed

I. Reabsorption in this region is minimum.

II. This region plays a significant role in the maintenance of high osmolarity of intestinal fluid

III. Its descending limb is permeable to water but almost impermeable to electrolytes

IV. Its ascending limb is impermeable to water but allows transport of electrolyte actively or passively

V. In descending limb filtrate is hypertonic while in ascending limb filtrate is hypotonic

The above characteristics are associated with –

• PCT

• Loop of Henle

• DCT

• Bowman’s capsule

Tubular secretion helps to maintain a proper acid-base balance by removing one of the following from blood –

• H⁺ and NH₃

• Uric acid

• H⁺ and urea

• NH₃ and creatinine

Which one of the following is produced in the kidneys?

• Rennin

• Renin

• Uricase

• Arginase

Reabsorption of Na+ is controlled by –

• Vasopressin or ADH

• Aldosterone

• Renin

• Rennin

Which of the following processes of osmoregulation by the kidney is the least selective?

• salt pumping to control osmolarity

• H⁺ pumping to control pH

• reabsorption

• filtration

Processing of filtrate in the proximal and distal tubules accomplishes what important function?

• sorting plasma proteins according to size

• converting toxic ammonia to less toxic urea

• maintaining a constant pH in body fluids

• regulating the speed of blood flow through the nephron

What is the typical osmolarity of human blood?

• 30 mosm/L

• 100 mosm/L

• 200 mosm/L

• 300 mosm/L

Which of the following statements about the urinary system is INCORRECT?

• It produces renin, which helps regulate blood pressure.

• It metabolizes vitamin D to its active form.

• It carries out the majority of gluconeogenesis in the body.

• It produces erythropoietin, which stimulates red blood cell formation.

If the pH of the blood decreases, the pH of the urine will

• Decrease.

• Increase

• Be unaffected

• first increase than decrease