Enlightenment Thinkers

________ argued for women’s rights in the book, A Vindication of the Rights of Woman.

• Voltaire

• Montesquieu

• Immanuel Kant

• Mary Wollstonecraft

________ believed that an absolute ruler was necessary to maintain order in society because people were naturally greedy and selfish.

• Voltaire

• Montesquieu

• Thomas Hobbes

• Mary Wollstonecraft

__________ defined man’s (people’s) natural rights as “life, liberty, and property.”

• Mary Wollstonecraft

• Cesare Beccaria

• Thomas Hobbes

• John Locke

In his book, On the Spirit of Laws, ________ wrote that separation of powers in government is essential to protecting liberty.

• Cesare Beccaria

• Montesquieu

• John Locke

• Voltaire

________ was a French satirist (writer) who criticized censorship and advocated (argued for) religious toleration.

• Voltaire

• Cesare Beccaria

• Thomas Hobbes

• John Locke

Influential French writer ________ argued that leaders require the “consent of the governed” and government should be guided by the general will.

• Mary Wollstonecraft

• Cesare Beccaria

• Thomas Hobbes

• Jean Jacques Rousseau

In the work, On Crimes and Punishments, ________ argued against torture and the death penalty.

• Mary Wollstonecraft

• Jean Jacques Rousseau

• Thomas Hobbes

• Cesare Beccaria

German philosopher _________

argued that reason was the source of morality.

• Cesare Beccaria

• Montesquieu

• Thomas Hobbes

• Immanuel Kant