Diabetes Medication (from ADA 2020)

Medication with high efficacy in decrease HBAIC are the following except?

• Sitagliptin

• Liraglutide

• Pioglitazone

• no exceptions

Answer explanation

SGLT2 inhibitors (empagliflozin, etc) and DPP-4 inhibitors ( Sitagliptin, etc) have only intermediate efficacy. Metformin, GLP-1 RAs (liraglutide), Thiazolidendiones (pioglitazone) and Sulfonylureas (gliclazide, glimeperidie) have high efficacy. Insulin has the highest efficacy

What medications have high risks for hypoglycemia?

• Sitagliptin

• Pioglitazone

• Liraglutide

• all of the above

• none of the above

Answer explanation

Only Sulfonylureas (2nd generation) and Insulin have high for developing hypoglycemia. The risk have no risk for developing hypoglycemia.

What medication cause weight loss?

• Sitagliptin

• liraglutide

• empagliflozin

• all of the above

• sitagliptin and empagliflozin

Answer explanation

weight loss - meftormin, sglt2 inhibitors, glp 1 RAs

neutral - DPP4 inhibitors

weight gain - thiazolidendiones, sulfonylureas, insulin

pneumonics for weight loss --

mag floz ka, ma loss imo ki-ki, empagliFLOZin, canagliFLOZin, dapagliFLOZin)

maglaba ka gamit TIDE, makaniwang jud na (liragluTIDE, lixisenaTIDE)

Which medication has a benefit or potential benefit for decreasing risk for ASCVD?

• empagliflozin

• metformin

• liraglutide

• pioglitazone

• all of the above

Answer explanation

potential benefit: metformin and pioglitazone

benefit: empagliflozin, canagliflozin, GLP-1 RAs (meds ending with TIDE) except lixisenatide

ADA recommendations:

Among patients with type 2 diabetes who have established Atheroscleortic cardiovascular disease or indications of high risk established kidney disease, or heart failure, a SGLT-2 inhibitor or GLP 1 RA with demonstrated CVD benefit is recommended.

What medication is contraindicated for heart failure?

• dapagliflozin

• pioglitazone

• liraglutide

• all of the above

• none of the above

Answer explanation

pioglitaZONE- has increased risk for heart failure (tungod sa water retention, mao ng maka weight gain sad sya)

SAXAgliptin - potential risk for HF

empagliflozin, canagliflozin, and dapagliflozin - benefit for HF

pnemonics:

kung ma-friendZONE ka, makaheartbroken jud, ma heart failure ka, maSAXAktan ka talga

Which DPP4 inhibitors does not need renal dose adjustment?

• linagliptin

• sitagliptin

• saxagliptin

• all needs renal dose adjustment

• all does not need renal dose adjustment

Answer explanation

pneumonics:

LINAgliptin - maLINAw na hindi kailangan ng Renal dose adjustment. mas maLINAw pa sa kulay ni LIto Lapid at NAncy binay.

What medication has a risk for amputation ?

• canagliflozin

• liraglutide

• sitagliptin

• pioglitzone

Answer explanation

CANEagliflozin - na amputate mao ng CANE na sya

What is not true about Thiazolidinediones?

• It has benefit for NASH

• Pioglitazone is associated with bladder cancer and risk for bone fractures

• Rosiglitazone can lower LDL cholesterol

• It can cause fluid retention

• all answers are correct

Answer explanation

ROASTiglitazone can increase increase LDL sama sa lami kaayo nga ROASTed CHICKEN

Which of the following is true about the side effects of Diabetic Medication?

• Metformin has a potential for B12 deficiency

• Sitagliptin has a potential risk for acute pancreatitis

• empagliflozin has a risk for volume depletion

• all statements are true

• all statements are false

What medications has high efficacy, no risk for hypoglycemia, can cause weight loss, has CV benefit, can delay progession to DKD?

• liraglutide, empagliflozin, and canagliflozin

• exanitide, linagliptin

• liraglutide only

• empagliflozin and canagliflozin only

• insulin