Methods of Research

What is the third step in the research process?

• forming a research question

• testing the hypothesis

• drawing conclusions

• forming a hypothesis

How do scientists confirm the findings of a study?

• by replicating the study

• by changing the hypothesis of the original study

• by formulating new research questions

• all of the above

By using a random sample of a population for a study, scientists

• are able to question every member of the target population

• use proportionately representative subgroups of the target population

• hope to avoid bias in their study

• are ensured that the study will be easily replicated

The relationship between smoking cigarettes and living a shorter life is an example of a(n)

• positive correlation

• dependent variable

• negative correlation

• independent variable

Which of the following is true about correlation?

• It shows cause and effect.

• It does not show relationships.

• It does not reveal cause and effect.

• It is the dependent variable.

Which of the following is an experiment in which ONLY the participants do not know whether they are receiving a treatment or not?

• double-blind study

• single-blind study

• longitudinal study

• cross-sectional study

A noted psychologist and environmentalist, Dr. Williams, has received a grant to study older persons' bird-feeding behavior in parks. Dr. Williams has research assistants sit in public parks to collect the data. Dr. Williams has chosen a ___________ research method.

• case study

• naturalistic observation

• controlled experiment

• survey

Pierce calls people and asks them a specified list of questions concerning their opinions of how irritating telemarketers can be. What kind of research is Pierce conducting?

• Survey

• Naturalistic Observation

• Case Study

• Experiment

To ensure that a sample represents a target population, researchers select

• people at random from the target population.

• a larger number of people from one subgroup.

• a slightly larger percentage of people from certain subgroups.

• all of the above.

The testing method of observation investigates human behavior through

• personality tests

• aptitude tests

• intelligence tests

• all of the above