Cell Structure & Function

Here is an image of the mitochondria. Mitochondria numbers can differ between cell types based on the function of the cell. Which of these cells would contain the highest number of mitochondria?

• skin cell

• lung cell

• muscle cell

• red blood cell

Proteins destined for extracellular release are packaged in specific vesicles. After packaging, the vesicles bud off and are stored in the cell until a signal is given for their release. When the appropriate signal is received they move towards the membrane and fuse to release their contents.

Once proteins have been produced at the ribosomes, what two organelles work together to aid in the secretion process described above?

• ribosome and ER

• Golgi apparatus and rough ER

• Golgi apparatus and lysosome

• mitochondria and rough ER

Plant and animal cells have a lot in common. Compare and contrast the two cells. Select the features that you find in BOTH types of cells.

• membrane, nucleus, cytoplasm

• membrane, chloroplasts, nucleus

• cell wall, cell membrane, nucleus

• cell membrane, cell wall, chloroplasts

In cells, the production of proteins is handled by the ribosomes and endoplasmic reticulum, while the processing and packaging of proteins is handled by the _________ body.

• Golgi

• nuclear

• plastid

• cytoplasmic

Unfinished proteins transported from the ER are modified in the cell's...

• nucleus.

• smooth ER.

• ribosomes.

• Golgi apparatus.

The human body contains many different types of glands; glands that secrete digestive enzymes, mucus, and sweat. These secretions are modified, sorted, and packaged for later release from gland cells.

What cellular organelle is responsible for modifying, sorting, and packaging proteins and lipids?

• ribosomes

• Golgi bodies

• mitochondria

• endoplasmic reticulum

Why don't animal cells need chloroplasts?

• Animals do not make their own food.

• Animal cells make their own chlorophyll.

• Animal cells collect sunlight another way.

• Animals use photosynthesis to make their own food.

All cells must have energy to function. What do cells use for energy?

• fats

• minerals

• proteins

• sugar

What structures are found in plant cells that are NOT found in animal cells?

• cell membrane and Golgi bodies

• cell membrane and chloroplasts

• cell wall and chloroplasts

• ribosomes and mitochondria

This organelle conducts cellular respiration. What is this organelle called?

• Golgi bodies

• chloroplasts

• cytoplasm

• mitochondria