Experimental Method

_____________________is that variable which is manipulated or altered or its strength varied by the researcher in the experiment.

• Independent

• Dependent

• Extraneous

The variables on which the effect of independent variable is observed is called __________________

• Independent

• Dependent

• Extraneous

Carmen conducted an experiment to determine if listening to different types of music would affect a person’s pulse. Her hypothesis was that pulse rate would change with different types of music. Each person listened to seven different selections of music for 30 seconds each. Each person’s pulse was taken before the music and then after each 30-second interval of music. The pulses were taken again after the music selections were completed. Based on her experiment, Carmen concluded that a person’s pulse rate changed when the person listened to different types of music.  Which component is missing from Carmen’s experiment?

• a question
• a hypothesis
• a control group
• a description of the experiment

An experiment was carried out to determine whether drinking caffeinated soda increases pulse rate. The pulse rates of two groups of people at rest were measured. Group A was then given caffeinated soda and group B was given caffeine-free soda. One hour after drinking the soda, the pulse rates were measured. The participants in the experiment were all the same age, and they were all given the same amount of soda. The dependent variable in this experiment is the

• type of soda given to each group
• amount of soda given to each group
•  pulse rate of each group
• age of participants in each group

Operational Definition

• Clear and detailed statements about how you will measure the data collected about the variables.

• The entire group of people or animals in which the researcher is interested.

• A sample that has characteristics that are similar to those in the population.

• A measure of the relationship between two variables.

Population

• The entire group of people or animals in which the researcher is interested.

• A sample that has characteristics that are similar to those in the population.

• Subjects in an experiment who are not subjected to the independent variable and may receive a placebo treatment.

• Study in which the subject do not know if they are in the experimental or the control group.

Representative Sample

• A sample that has characteristics that are similar to those in the population.

• Subjects in an experiment who are not subjected to the independent variable and may receive a placebo treatment.

• The entire group of people or animals in which the researcher is interested.

• Study in which the subject do not know if they are in the experimental or the control group.

What is the Hawthorne Effect?

• The behavior of someone when they are in a group of people

• The behavior of animals in a group

• The response of someone when given a reward

• People’s tendency to behave differently when they are being studied

the tendency to believe, after learning an outcome, that one would have foreseen it

• false consensus bias

• question-order bias

• hindsight bias

• confirmation bias

What is a double blind procedure?

• Participants don't know which group they're in
• Researchers don't know which group the participants are in
• Neither participants nor researcher knows who is in which group
• Both researcher and participants know who is in each group