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•Gass and Varonis found that the most important element in comprehending non-native speech is familiarity with the topic (163).

•One study found that the most important element in comprehending non-native speech is familiarity with the topic (Gass & Varonis, 1984).

•Gass and Varonis (1984) found that the most important element in comprehending non-native speech is familiarity with the topic.

One study found that the most important element in comprehending non-native speech is familiarity with the topic (Gass and Varonis 163).

Research shows that listening to a particular accent improves comprehension of accented speech in general (Gass and Varonis 143; Thomas 24).

Research shows that listening to a particular accent improves comprehension of accented speech in general (Gass & Varonis, 1984; Krech Thomas, 2004).

One study found that “the listener's familiarity with the topic of discourse greatly facilitates the interpretation of the entire message” (Gass and Varonis 85).

One study found that “the listener's familiarity with the topic of discourse greatly facilitates the interpretation of the entire message” (Gass & Varonis, 1984, p. 85).

Gass and Varonis found that “the listener’s familiarity with the topic of discourse greatly facilitates the interpretation of the entire message” (85).

Gass and Varonis (1984) found that “the listener’s familiarity with the topic of discourse greatly facilitates the interpretation of the entire message” (p. 85).