Introduction to AP Psychology

According to one theory of psychology, many people have mental illnesses because their maladaptive behaviors have proven rewarding for them in the past and thus have been continued. This belief is consistent with which of the following models?

• Behavioral

• Biological

• Cognitive

• Psychodynamic

• Sociocultural

Malia is 10 years of age, and her grandmother, Anna Rosa, is 60 years old Which statement is likely to be true concerning their sleep patterns?

• Anna Rosa is more likely than Malia to have night terrors

• Anna Rosa sleeps fewer hours per day than Malia does

• Anna Rosa spends more of her sleep time in deep sleep than Malia does

• Anna Rosa spends more of the night dreaming than Malia does

• Anna Rosa and Malia have the same sleep patterns.

People listening to rock music played backward often perceive an evil message if specifically told what to listen for. That phenomenon best illustrates

• parapsychology

• complementary afterimages

• perceptual constancy

• top-down processing

• perceptual adaption

Damage to the cerebellum would most likely result in which of the following problems?

• Aphasia

• Increased aggression

• A loss of vision

• A loss of motor coordination

• A change in personality

A test that is valid must

• have scores that fit a normal curve

• be reliable

• be normed in a random sample

• reveal important information about the concept being assessed

• predict future behavior

Which of the following best describes the graph above?

• Histogram

• Frequency distribution

• Normal distribution

• Positively skewed distribution

• Negatively skewed distribution

Jack believes that aliens are using electrical fields to steal thoughts from his head. It is most likely that Jack will be diagnosed with which of the following types of disorders?

• Dissociative

• Schizophrenia or other schizo-affective

• Somatic Symptom

• Anxiety

• Sleep-wake

Emiko’s cat often meows for food. Emiko decides to eliminate the behavior by feeding the cat only when it does not meow. Over the next few weeks, she sometimes ignores the cat when it meows. Other times, she feeds the cat when it meows. Which of the following is the most reasonable prediction to make about the cat’s meowing for food?

• It will disappear due to extinction

• It will decrease overall but not extinguish.

• It will remain unchanged due to a continuous schedule of reinforcement.

• It will increase due to a variable schedule of reinforcement

• It will increase due to positive punishment.

Lee is about to skydive for the first time. He interprets his racing heart to be the result of his eager anticipation and excitement. This best represents which theory of emotion?

• Cannon-Bard

• James-Lange

• Drive reduction

• Schachter’s two factor

• Arousal

Which of the following scenarios is the best example of the mere-exposure effect?

• After tasting a soft drink for the first time, Frank immediately decides it is his favorite drink

• A year after beginning her exercise program, Georgina wants to expand her regimen.

• Hal begins to like a certain sports car after seeing it frequently on the road, even though he did not like the car at first.

• Kristy initially thinks her new neighbor is attractive, but once she becomes better acquainted with him, she finds him less appealing.

• After going away to college, Joy finds she is less and less interested in spending time with her old friends from high school.