JC-1 ionic and covalent

Gallium nitride (GaN) is an ionic compound containeing the Ga³⁺ ion.

what is the electron arrangement of Nitrogen ion in gallium nitride?

• 1s² 2s²

• 1s² 2s² 2p³

• 1s² 2s² 2p4

• 1s² 2s² 2p6

Use of the Data Booklet is relevant to this question.

In

forming ionic compounds, elements generally form an ion with the electronic structure of a noble gas.

Which ion does not have a noble gas electronic structure?

• I^-

• Rb⁺

• Sn²⁺

• Sr²⁺

Use of the Data Booklet is relevant to this question.

The electronic structures of calcium, krypton, phosphorus and an element X are shown.

Which electronic structure is that of element X?

• 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p³

• 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p³

• 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 3d⁶ 4s²

• 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 3d¹⁰ 4s² 4p⁶

The first seven ionisation energies of an element between lithium and neon in the Periodic Table are as follows. (in kjmol-1)

1310 3390 5320 7450 11000 13 300 71000

What is the outer electronic configuration of the element?

• 2s2

• 2s2 2p1

• 2s2 2p4

• 2s2 2p6

Which element has an equal number of electron pairs and of unpaired electrons within orbitals of principal quantum number 2?

• Be

• C

• N

• O

The first six ionisation energies of four elements, A to D,are given.

Which element is most likely to be in Group IV of the Periodic Table?

• A

• B

• C

• D

The graph shows the first thirteen ionisation energies for element X.

What can be deduced about element X from the graph?

• It is in the second period (Li to Ne) of the Periodic Table

• It is a d-block element

• It is in Group II of the Periodic Table

• It is in Group Ill of the Periodic Table

Use of the Data Booklet is relevant to this question.

The Ge-68 isotope is medically useful because it undergoes a natural radioactive process to give a gallium isotope, Ga-68, which can be used to detect tumours.

This transformation of Ge-68 occurs when an electron enters the nucleus, changing a proton into a neutron.

Which statement about the composition of an atom of the Ga-68 isotope is correct?

• It has 4 electrons in its outer p subshell.

• It has 13 electrons in its outer shell

• It has 37 neutrons

• Its proton number is 32

Three successive elements in the Periodic Table have first ionisation energies which have the pattern shown in the diagram.

What could be the first element of this sequence?

• C

• N

• F

• Na

The CN- ion is widely used in the synthesis of organic compounds.

What is the pattern of electron pairs in this ion?

• A

• B

• C

• D