Psych - Unit 5 Learning Study Guide Review

Learning is best defined as:

• any behavior emitted by an organism without being elicited
• a change in the behavior of an organism
• a permanent change in the behavior of an organism due to experience
• behavior based on operant rather than respondent conditioning

In Pavlov’s original experiment with the dogs, the tone (bell) was initially a(n) _____________; after it was paired with the meat, it became a(n)_________ stimulus.

• conditioned, neutral
• neutral, conditioned
• conditioned, unconditioned
• unconditioned, conditioned

Which of the following statements concerning conditioning is correct:

• learning is most rapid with partial reinforcement but continuous reinforcement produces the greatest resistance to extinction
• learning is fastest and resistance to extinction is greatest after continuous reinforcement
• learning is most rapid with continuous reinforcement, but partial reinforcement produces the greatest resistance to extinction
• learning is fastest and resistance to extinction is greatest after partial reinforcement

A response that leads to the removal of an unpleasant stimulus is one being:

• negatively reinforced
• positively reinforced
• punished
• extinguished

One difference between classical and operant conditioning is that:

• in classical conditioning, an individual’s response operates/depends on punishing or rewarding stimuli
• in operant conditioning, an individual’s responses are triggered by associated stimuli
• in classical conditioning, after conditioning, an individual’s responses are unlearned, or are unnaturally caused by stimuli
• in operant conditioning, an individual’s responses operate on punishing or rewarding stimuli

In Pavlov’s original experiment with the dogs, the initial salivation to the food/meat was the:

• CS: Conditioned Stimulus

• CR: Conditioned Response

• UCS: Unconditioned Stimulus

• UCR: Unconditioned Response

Learning that takes place by watching another model a task:

• operant conditioning
• observational learning
• classical conditioning
• latent learning

Classical conditioning is MOST OFTEN associated with:

• B.F. Skinner
• Ivan Pavlov
• John Watson
• Albert Bandura

Operant conditioning is MOST OFTEN associated with:

• B.F. Skinner
• Ivan Pavlov
• John Watson
• Albert Bandura

Observational learning is MOST OFTEN associated with:

• B.F. Skinner
• Ivan Pavlov
• John Watson
• Albert Bandura