Petrochemicals and Polymers (Review)

Keratin is a protein that is found in human air. Keratin is chemically broken down to produce amino acids. What is the name of this chemical process?

• catalysis

• hydration

• hydrolysis

• polymerisation

Poly(ethene) is made from ethene. Ethene is ...1... hydrocarbon because it contains a carbon to carbon ...2... bond. The general name given to small molecules that undergo polymerisation is ...3... Which words complete gaps 1, 2, and 3?

• 1-an unsaturated 2-double 3-monomers

• 1-an unsaturated 2-single 3-alkenes

• 1-a saturated 2-double 3-alkenes

• 1-a saturated 2-single 3-monomers

Fuel oil, gasoline, kerosene, and naphtha are four fractions obtained from the fractional distillation of petroleum. What is the order of the boiling points of these fractions (from the highest to the lowest)?

• fuel oil --> kerosene --> gasoline --> naphtha

• fuel oil --> kerosene --> naphtha --> gasoline

• gasoline --> naphtha --> kerosene --> fuel oil

• naphtha --> gasoline --> kerosene --> fuel oil

Poly(ethene), nylon and Terylene are all polymers. From which small units are all polymers made?

• alkenes

• monomers

• plastics

• proteins

The industrial fractional distillation of petroleum is shown. Which process happens at Y?

• burning

• condensation

• cracking

• evaporation

The diagram shows part of the molecule of a polymer. Which diagram shows the monomer from which this polymer could be manufactured?

• 
• 
• 
• 

Cracking is an important process in the petroleum industry. The products of cracking include ...1... and an ...2... of ...3... relative molecular mass than the ...4... that was cracked.

Which words complete gaps 1, 2, 3 and 4?

• 1-hydogen 2-alkane 3-greater 4-alkene

• 1-hydrogen 2-alkene 3-smaller 4-alkane

• 1-steam 2-alkane 3-greater 4-alkene

• 1-steam 2-alkene 3-smaller 4-alkane

Which fraction of petroleum is not match to its corret use?

• bitumen - for making roads

• gasoline - fuels for cars

• kerosene - fuel for ships

• naphtha - chemical industry

Which pair of compounds reacts to form a condensation polymer?

• CH₃COOH and C₂H₅NH₂

• HCOOH and HOC₂H₄OH

• HOC₆H₁₂OH and HOOCC₃H₆COOH

• H₂NC₂H₄NH₂ and HOC₃H₆OH

The diagram shows the structure of an important product. This product is formed by ...1... of an ...2...

Which words complete gaps 1 and 2?

• 1-addition polymerisation 2-alkane

• 1-addition polymerisation 2-alkene

• 1-cracking 2-alkane

• 1-cracking 2-alkene