DP 3&4- Classical Conditioning vs. Operant Conditioning

If you are using operant conditioning principles to train a dog, then any punishment you deliver should be

administered ______ an unwanted response from the dog. Any reward you administer should be administered

_______ a desired response from the dog. If you are using classical conditioning to train a dog, the conditioned

stimulus should be administered _______ the dog’s response.

• after; after; after

• after; before; after

• after; after; before

• before; before; after

Classical conditioning differs from operant conditioning in that

• the learner plays a more active role in acquiring the new behaviour in classical conditioning.

• reinforcement is more likely to occur in classical conditioning.

• the response almost always occurs prior to the stimulus in classical conditioning.

• the response in classical conditioning is reflexive.

Which one of the following elements is associated with learning by operant conditioning, but not by classical

conditioning?

• extinction

• punishment

• stimulus discrimination

• acquisition

Behaviour’s learned through classical conditioning, when compared with behaviour’s learned through operant

conditioning, are more likely to be

• deliberate.

• goal directed.

• unintentional.

• conscious.

In _________________ the learner is active.

• operant conditioning

• classical conditioning

• both operant and classical conditioning

• neither operant nor classical conditioning

Behaviour’s learned through operant conditioning, when compared with behaviour’s learned through classical

conditioning, are more likely to be

• passive.

• deliberate.

• reflexive.

• involuntary.

Which of the following statements is correct for both classical conditioning and operant conditioning?

• both require reinforcement to be given before the desired response

• both require reinforcement to be given each time after the desired response

• both involve only voluntary responses

• both can produce stimulus generalisation and stimulus discrimination

One of the key differences between classical and operant conditioning is that

• in classical conditioning responses can be extinguished, while in operant conditioning responses cannot

  be extinguished.

• in classical conditioning responses cannot be extinguished, while in operant conditioning responses can

  be extinguished.

• in classical conditioning learning is based on a reflexive response, while in operant conditioning learning

  is based on voluntary behaviour.

• in classical conditioning learning is based on voluntary behaviour, while in operant conditioning learning

  is based on a reflexive response.

A key difference between classical and operant conditioning is that in classical conditioning;

• the learner is passive, while in operant conditioning the learner is active.

• stimulus discrimination is common, while in operant conditioning stimulus discrimination is rare.

• stimulus generalisation is rare, while in operant conditioning stimulus generalisation is common.

• learning is based on a voluntary response, while in operant conditioning learning is based on a reflexive response.

Buzz is a very clever and sensitive dog. When he was a puppy, he learned that lightning is followed by loud and

frightening thunder. Now, when there is a flash of lightning, Buzz begins to tremble even before he hears the thunder.

Buzz has also learned that when he sees the lightning he can then run through the dog door into the house, where he feels safer.

Buzz’s response of trembling when there is a flash of lightning and his response of running indoors are, respectively, examples of;

• classical conditioning/operant conditioning.

• operant conditioning/classical conditioning.

• operant conditioning/trial-and-error learning.

• trial-and-error learning/classical conditioning