Evidence for Evolution and Natural Selection

Before Charles Darwin, what what the public perception on species evolution?

• That species were permanent and unchanging

• That species evolved through physical changes that led to success

• That species evolved by means of natural selection

• That species were modified over time but did not change into new species

What were Charles Lyell's main contributions?

• He found some bird specimens on the Galapagos Islands.

• He found some fossils of extinct species.

• He suggested that life evolves through physical changes within the life span of an organism.

• He provided the first evidence that the Earth is much older than was previously thought.

Which two observations led Darwin to conclude that there is competition for survival?

• Overproduction of organisms and limited food resources

• Fossils and mutations

• Gene and allele differences in organisms

• Natural selection and descent with modification

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Individuals with variations that make them best suited to their environment are, on average, more likely to ________.

• evolve

• change over time

• survive and reproduce

• become larger

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Darwin's theory of evolution is explained by the idea of

• Overproduction of young

• Passing on acquired traits

• Survival of the strongest

• Natural selection

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Natural selection acts on ________, and ________ evolve.

• individuals; individuals

• individuals; populations

• populations; populations

• populations; individuals

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A pest that exhibits resistance to a pesticide ________.

• developed the resistance in response to the pesticide

• mutated when exposed to the pesticide

• inherited the gene that made it resistant to the pesticide

• is less likely to pass on the gene to the next generation

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Which of the following is evidence for evolution in action?

• Bacteria becoming resistant to antibiotics over time

• Mosquitoes becoming resistant to pesticides

• The different domesticated breeds of dogs customized for our needs

• All are evidence for evolution

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What is an adaptation?

• The result of natural selection

• A specialized feature

• The accumulation of favorable traits over time

• All of the above are correct

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What is the name for the study of the geographic distribution of species?

• Biogeography

• Ecology

• Systematics

• Taxonomy