Genetic Engineering - Triple TIN

Bacteria can be engineered to produce insulin. The first stage involves...

• Isolating the plasmid DNA and removing it from the bacterial cell using a restriction enzyme

• Isolating the insulin gene in a healthy human cell and cutting it out using a ligase enzyme

• Isolating the insulin gene in a healthy human cell and cutting it out using a restriction enzyme

• Isolating the plasmid DNA and removing it from the bacterial cell using a ligase enzyme

After the insulin gene is isolated and cut out from the healthy human cell using a restriction enzyme, the next stage is to...

• Isolate the plasmid DNA and removing it from the bacterial cell using a different restriction enzyme

• Isolate the plasmid DNA and removing it from the bacterial cell using the same restriction enzyme

Why is the same restriction enzyme used on both the human insulin gene and the plasmid DNA?

• It is cheaper to use the same enzyme.

• There is only one type of restriction enzyme so it has to be the same

• So that the sticky ends are complementary

After both the insulin gene and the plasmid DNA have been cut with the restriction enzyme...

• The insulin gene is mixed with the plasmid DNA .

• The plasmid DNA is transferred into the insulin gene using a ligase enzyme.

• The insulin gene is inserted into the bacterium using the sticky ends.

• The insulin gene is transferred into the plasmid using a ligase enzyme.

When the insulin gene is transferred to the plasmid using ligase enzyme, it is known as...

• Reconstituted DNA

• Recombinant DNA

• Remade DNA

• Recombined DNA

The recombinant DNA is then inserted back into the bacterium and can now produce ___________.

Two advantages of genetic engineering include...

• Fruit can be genetically modified to produce lower yields

• Organism can be genetically modified to become less desired

• Crops can be insect resistant so that less herbicide is needed.

• It is difficult to predict the effect of genetic engineering on the organisms

• Organism can be genetically modified to become more desired

Three disadvantages of genetic engineering include...

• It is difficult to predict the effect of genetic engineering on the organisms.

• Some genetically engineered animals can suffer with health problems and/or not survive very long.

• Changes occur instantly with genetically engineered organisms.

• It is a very expensive process and requires specialised equipment.

• Produces insect resistant crops so less herbicide is needed.

Which of these is used in genetic engineering?

• Ligase

• Lipase

Which of these is not complementary?

• Sticky ends

• A and T

• Enzyme and substrate

• Active site and substrate