Heat & Temperature

Which example illustrates the transfer of energy through radiation?

• Feeling warmth when you sit in a sunny place

• Feeling warm air while standing in front of the blower from a heating system

• Feeling the warmth of the bricks around a fireplace by touching them with your hand

• Feeling warmth on the soles of your feet when you walk along a beach on a sunny day

Many homes are insulated with batting made of puffy fiberglass. How does this type of fiberglass help keep homes warm in winter?

• The fiberglass batting generates warmth, which is carried into the house by convection

• Fiberglass absorbs energy during the day and then radiates energy toward the home at night

• Fiberglass batting slows the flow of energy because it is made of glass, which is a good insulator

• Air trapped in the fiberglass batting is a good insulator, so it slows the transfer of energy from the house

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NGSS.MS-PS3-3

Kishawn performs the experiment illustrated in the figure to find out how energy flows through different materials. He warms some water to 95 °C and pours it into a bowl. Then he places spoons made of four different materials into the bowl with their handles sticking out of the water. After 2 min, he touches each spoon handle with his fingers and records his observations.

Which conclusion can Kishawn draw based on his observations?

• Plastic is a better conductor than steel is

• Wood is a better radiator than silver is

• There is more convection in the silver spoon than in the plastic spoon

• The silver spoon and stainless steel spoon are better conductors than the wooden spoon and plastic spoon are

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NGSS.MS-PS3-4

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Inside a room, the air is often warmer near the ceiling than near the floor. Which process accounts for this difference in temperature?

• Conduction

• Convection

• Insulation

• Radiation

Which decreases the thermal energy of a can of soup you just took out of your pantry?

• Letting the can sit on the counter for an hour

• Opening the lid of the can of soup with a can opener

• Placing the can of soup under a bright light

• Putting the can of soup in the refrigerator

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NGSS.MS-PS1-4

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Lisa has a bottle of water. How can she increase the thermal energy of the water?

• By pouring the water into a larger bottle

• By increasing the temperature of the water

• By placing the bottle of water in the refrigerator

• By dividing the water between two identical containers

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NGSS.MS-PS1-4

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A scientist cannot determine the thermal energy of a substance based on its temperature and the number of particles alone. What other information does the scientist need to determine the thermal energy of a substance?

• The chemical formula of the substance

• The size of each particle in the substance

• How the particles in the substance are arranged

• The shape of the container holding the substance

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How does heat affect the thermal energy of an object that is colder than the air that surrounds it?

• Heat decreases the thermal energy of an object as energy moves to the air

• Heat causes the thermal energy of the object to increase as energy moves from the warmer air to the colder object

• Heat has no effect on the thermal energy, but it increases the potential energy of an object

• Heat is not related to thermal energy, so it cannot affect the thermal energy of an object

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NGSS.MS-PS1-4

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As energy in the form of heat is added to an ice cube, it begins to melt. What causes melting?

• Heat causes the molecules in the ice cube to expand and forces them apart

• Heat removes thermal energy from the ice cube and causes it to become liquid water

• The additional energy causes the bonds between hydrogen and oxygen in the ice cube to break

• The transfer of thermal energy to the ice cube causes its molecules to move faster

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NGSS.MS-PS1-4

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Ashley warms a pure, solid substance. She graphs the changes in temperature as shown in the figure.

Which process takes place during segment D?

• Melting

• Evaporation

• Increase in temperature of a gas

• Increase in temperature of a liquid

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4