Psych 1 - Module 25

Which of the following is a basic category?

• kidney beans

• soy milk

• gluten-free products

• cheese

Which of the following is a heuristic?

• going through the football team roster to identify all of the linebackers on the team

• retracing your steps to find where you left your phone

• looking in every cupboard to find a pan you know is in the kitchen

• trying every unused piece in every space to fit in the last 20 pieces in a jigsaw puzzle

Which of the following represents insight?

• suddenly realizing what you are going to use as the topic of your English essay

• creating a computer program to calculate the area of geometric shapes

• having a good idea of what your friend is really thinking

• carefully revising your college application

When trying to unscramble the letters spoxee into a common word, Stefano remembered that many words begin with the letters ex. Once he remembered this, it was relatively easy to figure out that the solution is expose. Stefano made use of

• a heuristic

• insight

• an algorithm

• a concept hierarchy

Even though it wasn't working, Mary continued to use the checkers strategy that served her well as a child when she played the game with her new friend. The fact that she didn't change her strategy shows

• confirmation bias

• framing

• overconfidence

• fixation

When he couldn't find a fly swatter, Li Wei used a rolled-up magazine to swat an annoying fly in his bedroom. In this way, he overcame

• functional fixedness

• a mental set

• confirmation bias

• the availability heuristic

Elizabeth was pretty sure the Senate candidate she supported would win easily because her friends on Facebook, where she got most of her news, kept posting links to articles that talked about her candidate's accomplishments. Her friends never posted links to critical articles. Because of ____________, she was very surprised when the candidate lost.

• overconfidence

• framing

• confirmation bias

• a mental set

A movie advertisement reporting that 95% of viewers gave the movie a thumbs-up rating is likely to be more effective than an advertising that 5% of viewers gave the movie a thumbs-down rating because of

• insight

• the availability heuristic

• framing

• confirmation bias

After they take a test one day, a teacher asks students to estimate what percentage of the questions they got right. The class estimated that they got 84% of the questions right, but when the tests were graded, it turned out the class actually got 71% right on the test. This indicates

• a mental set

• fixation

• the availability heuristic

• overconfidence

Tom avoids going downtown because he has read several news stories about muggings that occurred downtown. Official police reports indicate that you are actually more likely to get mugged in the suburbs. The fact that Tom won't go downtown indicates he is being influenced by

• concept hierarchies

• functional fixedness

• the availability heuristic

• insight