Unit 1 Organic Molecules Knowledge Check

How does glycogen compare with starch?

• Glycogen is carbohydrate storage in animals, while starch is

  carbohydrate storage in plants.

• Glycogen is carbohydrate storage in plants, while starch is

  carbohydrate storage in animals.

• Glycogen is composed of nucleic acids, while starch is composed of

  amino acids.

• Glycogen is composed of amino acids, while starch is composed of

  nucleic acids.

Which best describes how the shape of an enzyme affects its function?

• It determines the specific reaction it will catalyze.

• It determines the raw products needed for the reaction.

• It determines whether a reaction will be slowed or sped up.

• It determines the products that will result from the reaction.

Which role do enzymes play in cells?

• They are biosubstrates that speed up chemical reactions.

• They are biosubstrates that decrease chemical reactions.

• They are biocatalysts that decrease the activation energy in chemical reactions.

• They are biocatalysts that increase and decrease the activation

  energy in chemical reactions.

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This graph shows the effect of temperature on the enzyme activity of catalase.

What is the optimal temperature for catalase?

• 45 °C

• 25 °C

• 15 °C

• 0 °C

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The table below lists the type of proteins and their possible functions. Which function could best be substituted for number 1?

• binds to oxygen in red blood cells

• used as a chemical messenger

• speeds up chemical reactions

• helps to lower blood sugar

The graph below shows the relationship between the effect of temperature and enzyme activity. What could occur to the enzyme activity level if the temperature was increased to 60 °C?

• The activity level would be equal to that at 30 °C.

• The activity level would be equal to that at 20 °C.

• There would be no activity because the enzyme would be denatured.

• The activity level would be twice that at 30 °C because temperature

  increases result in increased enzyme activity.

How does the structure of nucleic acids differ from the structure of proteins?

• Nucleic acids make up nucleotides, and proteins make up amino

  acids.

• Nucleic acids contain amino acids, and proteins contain nucleotides.

• Nucleic acids make up amino acids, and proteins make up nucleic

  acids.

• Nucleic acids contain nucleotides, and proteins contain amino acids.

Waxes create a waterproof layer on the outside of some living organisms. To which group of organic molecules do waxes belong?

• carbohydrates

• lipids

• nucleic acids

• proteins

Which best summarizes the role of DNA in the production of proteins?

• DNA moves to the cytoplasm to build proteins.

• DNA transports amino acids to the ribosomes to make proteins.

• DNA contains the instructions used to make proteins.

• DNA breaks hydrogen bonds between amino acids.

Salivary amylase is an enzyme in humans that breaks down starches. What substance would humans have difficulty digesting without this enzyme?

• lipids

• nucleic acids

• proteins

• carbohydrates