Francisco Menéndez: An Unsung Hero

Which of the following describes the central idea of the text?

• Menéndez gained his freedom in Spanish Florida and rose to a position of power.

• Menéndez convinced the king of Spain that slavery was an immoral practice.

• Menéndez rejected both the English and Spanish because they kept African slaves.

• Menéndez was a clear leader but was forced to be a slave because of his skin color.

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Which detail from the text best supports the central idea of the text?

• “Spanish colonists held slaves, just as the English colonists to the north did” (Paragraph 3)

• “King Philip II issued a decree ‘giving liberty to all... the men as well as the women’” (Paragraph 3)

• “Florida’s governor freed Menéndez and authorized him to establish a town named Gracia Real de Santa Teresa de Mose.” (Paragraph 4)

• “On one voyage, Englishmen captured him and sold him into slavery in the Bahamas.” (Paragraph 5)

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How did the Spanish treat enslaved people differently from how the English treated enslaved people?

• The Spanish gave enslaved people land for their services.

• The Spanish treated enslaved people as if they were citizens.

• The Spanish did not force enslaved people to do physical labor.

• The Spanish gave enslaved people the chance to achieve freedom.

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How does paragraph 3 contribute to the development of ideas in the text?

• It describes how slavery was ended in the English colonies.

• It provides information about English and Spanish colonists.

• It explains how Spanish and English colonists divided the Americas.

• It describes how slavery affected the regions controlled by Spain and England.

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What impact did Menéndez have on slavery after he was freed?

• He fought to end slavery across all of America.

• He worked to free other Africans enslaved by the English.

• He worked to end the Spanish enslavement of Africans.

• He turned his back on other slaves in the Americas.

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CCSS.RL.7.9

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Which quote from the texts highlights one of the likely reasons Menéndez is remembered today?

• “So, in 1687, a group of slaves stole a canoe and escaped from Carolina to Florida.” (Paragraph 3)

• “Menéndez and the new homesteaders of Mose wrote to the king of Spain to express their gratitude” (Paragraph 5)

• “On one voyage, Englishmen captured him and sold him into slavery in the Bahamas.” (Paragraph 5)

• "Menéndez spent more than 50 years fighting for freedom and more than 40 years serving the king of Spain" (Paragraph 7)

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Which of the following describes the author’s overall purpose in the text?

• to compare how Spanish and English colonists treated enslaved people

• to highlight how the Spanish provided better opportunities for enslaved people

• to provide information about an influential African American colonial hero

• to criticize history books for excluding African American colonial heroes

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