Human Body GI System Anatomy Worksheet

Which of the following best describes the chewing of food?

• Emulsification

• Mechanical digestion

• Peristalsis

• absorption

Flap of skin that covers the opening to the windpipe during swallowing

• Stomach
• Pepsin
• Pancreas
• Epiglottis

Muscular tube that connects the mouth to the stomach

• Epiglottis
• Peristalsis
• Stomach
• Esophagus

Where does chemical digestion begin?

• mouth
• esophagus
• stomach
• small intestine

Series of involuntary contractions along the walls of the digestive tract

• Peristalsis
• Epiglottis
• Pepsin
• Stomach

Which of the following is the purpose of the rugae of the stomach:

• to help trap food to increase the time in which it spends in the stomach

• to increase its ability to expand

• to propel food along

• all of the above

Which of the following sphincters is responsible for preventing reflux of acid into the esophagus:

• the pyloric sphincter

• the gastric sphincter

• the lower esophageal sphincter

• ileocecal sphincter

Which of the following is true regarding the pyloric sphincter:

• it allows food to enter the stomach but closes to prevent regurgitation into the esophagus

• it allows small amounts of chyme into the duodenum

• it extends to a cavity that acts as a holding chamber called the pyloric antrum

• none of the above

How does the stomach protect itself from the hydrochloric acid that it secretes:

• it has a thick layer of stratified squamous cells that are rapidly produced to replace the damaged cells that are exposed to the acid

• it secretes a protective layer of mucous that neutralizes the acid

• it has a specialized membrane of cartilaginous tissue that is immune to the secreted acid

• none of the above

What is #1 on the diagram

• mouth

• pharynx

• esophagus

• stomach