U4 PBT Midterm - PPENDERS MCQs

You have a new patient, Ms. Red, 55 years old. She presents with pain in her hands, specifically in the DIP and PIP of right hand, that increases towards the end of the day; morning stiffness that lasts about 10 minutes. She has had these issues for several months. What is the first working hypothesis you want to confirm?

• OA

• RA

• Gout

• Psoriatic Arthritis

Which of the blood plasma environments promote atherosclerosis?

• High HDL, Low LDL

• Low HDL, High LDL

• Low HDL, Low LDL

• High HDL, High LDL

Where do atherosclerotic plaques typically develop?

• Within endothelial layer of arteries in regions where blood flows smoothly

• Within smooth muscle later of arteries in regions where blood flows smoothly

• Within the endothelial layer of arteries at the branch points of arteries

• Within the smooth muscle layer of arteries at branch points of arteries

What are examples of non-modifiable risk factors for atherosclerosis

• Male, older age, FMHx of heart disease

• FMHx, insulin resistance, sedentary lifestyle

• Older age, obesity, stress, high LDL diet

• High levels of CRP, smoking, high blood pressure

Signs and symptoms of atherosclerosis include

• Shortness of breath

• Chronic dizziness

• Weak/absent pulse in lower extremities

• It depends

True of false: Atherosclerotic plaques can be completely reverse with proper medical management and lifestyle choices

• True

• False

In regard to the epidemiology of atherosclerosis in Canada, which of the following are true?

• Atherosclerosis occurs more frequently in men than women in all age groups

• Atherosclerosis increases in prevalence as you age

• Atherosclerosis is often asymptomatic, and, as a result, the disease may become more prevalent and have a higher incidence rate than statistics may suggest

• All of the above

What methods can be used to diagnose someone with atherosclerosis?

• Echocardiogram

• Angiogram

• Blood work

• All of the above

Which is true?

• PVD commonly affects pre-menopausal women

• There is a similar prevalence of PVD between men and post-menopausal women, however men are more likely to display the classic symptoms of claudication

• The incidence of PVD decreases with aging and exposure to risk factors.

• The incidence and prevalence of those with PVD is determined by the presence of claudication.

Which person is least likely to develop PVD/PAD?

• Peter, 88 year old male with a 60-year history of smoking

• Debbie, 33 year old female with obesity and prediabetes

• Manjit, 76 year old female with a history of coronary artery disease, hypertension, and type 2 diabetes

• Tom, 40 year old male with a 5-year history of smoking one pack per week