7.5 The Home Front

Americans on the home front demonstrated their patriotism and helped combat shortages by

• purchasing government war bonds.

• growing their own food in “victory gardens.”

• buying and selling coupon books for rationed goods.

• contributing to a “black market” for consumer goods.

Over 100,000 Japanese Americans were forced into internment camps as a result of Executive Order 9066, which

• classified them as enemy combatants.

• designated certain areas as war zones.

• retroactively revoked their citizenship.

• banned resident aliens from owning property.

President Roosevelt helped increase employment opportunities for African Americans when he

• issued Executive Order 8802.

• instituted the Congress of Racial Equality.

• created the Office of Price Administration.

• founded the United Service Organizations.

Why was morale on the home front during World War II so important?

• The government feared that many people would support the Axis.

• Americans needed to keep producing the materials and food needed to fight the war.

• Lack of morale on the home front caused soldiers to desert.

• Defeats like the Battle of Midway caused Americans to lose hope.

The main function of the federal Office of War Information was to

• collect money for the war effort through the sale of war bonds.

• boost the morale of troops by sending popular entertainers overseas.

• generate support for the war effort and boost morale through the media.

• intercept enemy intelligence and relay it to the troops on the frontlines.

How was the federal government able to borrow money from U.S. citizens?

• through the sale of government issued war bonds

• through the sale of coupon books for consumer goods

• through the American Lend-Lease Act

• through the enlistment of volunteers to work government jobs

What demographic effects did the war have on northern cities such as Detroit and Chicago?

• The population plummeted due to people going to fight overseas.

• A large number of African Americans left there to work in shipyards on the West Coast.

• A large number of African Americans migrated there from the South to work in the factories.

• The population stayed roughly the same as auto factories were converted to produce munitions.

The so-called Zoot Suit Riots in Los Angeles in 1943 were a result of

• racial tensions related to the huge influx of laborers from Mexico.

• the enforced rationing of consumer goods.

• opposition to policies requiring racial segregation of factory workers.

• the establishment of internment camps for resident aliens.