landfrom test

Approximately 300 million years ago, Pangaea, shown in the illustration below, was formed. One hundred million years later, this supercontinent began to break up and move apart. Not until about 30 years ago did scientists understand why this movement occurred. The theory of plate tectonics was supported by many scientists because it answered the questions they had about the connections between plate tectonics, earthquakes and volcanoes. How does the theory of plate tectonics describe the movement of tectonic plates?

• The plates are moved by heated material in the Earth.

• The plates float along ocean waves

• The plates are pulled toward cooler areas.

• The plates are lifted by the eruption of volcanoes.

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Which of the following statements best explains the role heat flow has in changing Earth’s surface?

• Tectonic plates move when the lithosphere cools.

• Volcanoes erupt when the crust is moved by the convection of Earth’s inner and outer cores.

• Ocean basins form when convection of the mantle moves apart tectonic plates.

• Earthquakes occur when heat from the inner core moves the crust.

Jason writes a report about how the land changes due to the movement of magma in Earth's mantle. Which of the following is he most likely including in his report?

• Magma becomes gas and rises through weak spots in the crust.

• Lava flows out of places where the crust separates along mid-ocean ridges.

• Volcanoes often form near transform tectonic plate boundaries

• Volcanoes erupt molten material out of vents on Earth’s surface.

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The convergence of two continental plates would produce

• island arcs

• rift valleys

• trenches

• folded mountains

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What is the primary cause of earthquakes?

• The fast rotation of the earth

• Weathering and erosion

• The slowing flowing mantle that moves the tectonic plates causing a buildup of pressure over time

• Volcanic activity causes movement of the earth’s crust

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NGSS.MS-ESS3-2

When someone thinks about hurricanes and tropical storms, many times Florida and the southern United States come to mind. However, these strong storms can also move along the northeastern coast. People who live in these areas try to protect their homes and businesses by using sandbags. Many even build their homes above ground. There is also a natural means of flood and storm surge protection for the coastlines and inland areas. Which statement correctly identifies the landform which provides the most protection for the coast?

• Dunes provide protection from erosion caused by water.

• Deltas create a natural barrier to prevent erosion by wind.

• Rivers prevent flooding by preventing ocean water from moving inland.

• Sinkholes decrease the chance for flooding by providing a place for excess water to go.

Many thousands of years ago, glaciers covered large areas of Earth’s surface. Glaciers are large blocks of ice that flow slowly over the land. Portions of the ice melted and refroze many times over the years. Which explanation best describes how glaciers contributed to the formation of coastlines along Florida and other states?

• Water, from the melting ice, elevated the shoreline to forming plateaus

• Water, from the melting ice, flooded the plains causing plants to die.

• Water, from the melting ice, deposited sand on the ocean floor.

• Water, from the melting ice, changed the shape of the coastline

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Some landforms in Florida have different characteristics than the same type of landform in other states. Which of the following statements correctly differentiates one type of Florida landform from those in other states?

• Florida’s rivers do not flow into the oceans, as do other U. S. rivers.

• Lakes in Florida may be shallow as compared to other areas or are formed as the result of sinkhole

• Mountain ranges in Florida are short in comparison to the mountain ranges in other states.

• Dunes in Florida are larger than dunes which form in the deserts of the western United States.

Which of the following BEST describes the many rivers that flow through the state of

Florida?

• Florida’s rivers are very slow due to the flatness of the terrain

• Florida’s rivers are very deep as a result of the force of the water rushing down mountains.

• Florida’s rivers are very swifts and cause much erosion

• Florida’s rivers always begin at the coastline.

If Earth went through an Ice Age, what would happen to Florida's coastlines?

• Florida coastlines would get smaller as water became trapped in the ice.

• There would be no change to Florida.

• Florida does not have a coastline.

• The coastlines would expand and get bigger as water became trapped in glaciers.

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