Microbiology Chapter 1

1. Which of the following is true of the microbial world?

• All microbes are harmful

• Many microbes are pathogenic

• Most microbes are helpful

• Humans could survive without microbes

2. Which individual first observed unicellular organisms, which he called “animalcules,” using a microscope he developed?

• Robert Koch

• Louis Pasteur

• Thucydides

• Antonie van Leeuwenhoek

3.Which are the three currently accepted domains?

• Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya

• Archaea, Prokaryota, and Eukaryota

• Bacteria, Prokaryota, and Eukarya

• Bacteria, Fungi, and Protista

4.Which of the following is not true about the process of fermentation?

• It can help preserve foods, preventing spoilage.

• It converts sugars to organic acids, alcohols, and/or gases such as carbon dioxide.

• It is carried out exclusively by unicellular eukaryotes such as yeast.

• It is used to make foods such as cheese and bread.

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6. Viruses not included in phylogenetic trees for which of the following reasons?

• It is too difficult to observe their characteristics.

• They lack a nucleus.

• They are acellular and nonliving.

• They do not have any genes, which prevents genetic analysis.

5. Which is the best description of the primary purpose of a phylogeny?

• Phylogenies show all the alterative names for each species.

• . Phylogenies show all the common names for each species.

• Phylogenies show evolutionary relatedness between organisms.

• Phylogenies show interactions between species in a shared habitat.

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7. Bergey’s Manual of Systematic Bacteriology is used primarily as which of the following?

• a guide to bacterial shapes

• a list and characterization of all known medically relevant microbes

• a reference for bacterial classification

• a historical account of changes in classification techniques

8. Based just on the name, which of the following groups of bacteria contains entirely species that consume organic compounds for food?

• cyanobacteria

• green nonsulfur bacteria

• green sulfur bacteria

• nonphotosynthetic bacteria

9.Chitin cell walls are characteristic of which taxonomic group?

• archaea

• algae

• fungi

• bacteria

1. ____ is the study of how antibodies are released in response to a pathogen.

• pathology

• immunology

• vaccinology

• parasitology