Science BM 1

Hannah set up an experiment with a marble, a foam cup, and a ramp. The cup has a hole on the side. The marble rolls down the ramp and pushes the cup. 

-Hannah measures the distance that the cup moves when the marble pushes it. Next, she changes the height of the ramp and repeats the experiment. She completes three trials. 
Experiment| Book height   | Time   | Distance cup moves
         1          |        12 cm       |1.5 sec.|  2.0 cm             .
         2          |        18 cm       |1.3 sec.|  2.5 cm             .
         3          |        24 cm       |1.0 sec.|  3.0 cm             .

Hannah concludes that in each experiment, the marble hit the cup with a different amount of energy.

What evidence best supports her conclusion?

• the height of the ramp in each experiment

• the time the marble took to reach the cup in each experiment

• the mass of the marble used in the experiments

• the distance that the cup moved in each experiment

Experiment| Book height | Time | Distance cup moves

1 | 12 cm |1.5 sec.| 2.0 cm .

2 | 18 cm |1.3 sec. | 2.5 cm .

3 | 24 cm |1.0 sec. | 3.0 cm .

What statement best explains why the marble had a different amount of energy in each experiment?

• The marble started with different speeds.

• The times it took for the marble to hit the cup were different.

• The marble had a different speed each time it hit the cup

• The cup moved a different distance each time the marble hit it.

PART A

Which question was Hannah most likely trying to answer by completing this experiment?

• How does the height of the ramp affect the mass of the marble?

• How does the height of the ramp affect the energy of the marble?

• How does the height of the ramp affect the time the marble rolls before stopping?

• How does the height of the ramp affect the distance the marble rolls before stopping?

PART B

Which statement correctly predicts the answer to Hannah's question in Part A?

• When the height of the ramp is decreased, the time the marble will roll before stopping increases.

• When the height of the ramp is increased, the marble will not roll as far before stopping.

• When the height of the ramp is increased, the speed of the marble will increase.

• When the height of the ramp is decreased, the mass of the marble will decrease.

Jonathan released a toy car from different points on a ramp, as shown in the diagram. 

He used a sensor to measure the speed of the car at the same location after the car was released from each point. Jonathan concluded that the car had the most energy when it was released from Point 1.

Which evidence did Jonathan most likely use to reach his conclusion?

• Point 1 is farthest from the sensor.

• Point 1 is closest to the top of the ramp.

• The car took the most time to reach the end of the ramp from point 1.

• The car had the greatest speed at the sensor when it was released from point 1.

Which picture shows the book with the most potential energy?

• A

• B

• C

• D

A boy and a girl are skiing down a hill. The boy and the girl weigh the same, and they are using skis that weigh the same. If the boy and girl are skiing at the same speed, which child has more motion energy?

• The boy has more motion energy.

• The girl has more motion energy.

• Both of them have the same amount of motion energy.

• Neither the boy nor the girl has any motion energy.

Do you think you would go faster sledding down a shorter hill or taller hill? Why? (Short answer)

• Shorter hill because the shorter the hill, the more energy will be released.

• Taller hill because the higher the hill, the lease amount of energy will be released.

• Shorter hill because the shorter the hill, the more potential energy will be released.

• Taller hill because the higher the hill, the more energy will be released.

What type of energy does moving water have?

• Electrical

• Kinetic

• Wind

• Potential

Which example best illustrates kinetic energy?

• An inch worm sitting on a leaf

• A bowling pin standing at the end of an alley

• A moon orbiting around a planet

• An apple hanging on a tree