Weathering2

A group of students on a field trip found loose rock and gravel at the foot of a rocky cliff. These rocks were of the same material as the rocks on the cliff. The students know that the place has a cold and wet climate. On the basis of this evidence, what could be a possible explanation for the presence of the loose rock and gravel at the foot of the cliff?

• The rocks might have broken off due to alternating cycles of freezing and thawing of water.

• Acid rain could have caused chemical weathering, resulting in the breaking of chunks of rock.

• Oxygen in the air could have reacted with the minerals in the rock, causing the rusting of the rocks.

• The rocks were probably always there. Weathering cannot be the cause, because it possible only in warm and wet conditions.

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-2

Roberto's family went to the coast of Georgia. While they were there, Roberto noticed that the rocks close to the water were smooth, and the rocks farther away from the water had more jagged edges. What MOST LIKELY caused the rocks to be smooth instead of rough?

• birds pecking at the rocks

• fish swimming over the rocks

• the sun shining on the rocks

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-4

Frost wedging is a form of weathering caused by water seeping into the cracks of rocks. This type of weathering is common in regions that have very cold winters. How does frost wedging take place?

• This is a physical weathering process — when water freezes, it expands, pushing the rock apart slowly over a period of time.

• This is a chemical weathering process — carbonic acid formed by the reaction of water and carbon dioxide breaks the bonds that hold the rock together.

• This is a physical weathering process — when water freezes, the temperature of the rock is decreased, causing the outer layers of the rock to crumble off.

• This is a chemical weathering process — water reacts with the chemicals in the rock by a process call hydrolysis and breaks the bonds that hold the rock together.

When walls of limestone caves are smooth they appear smooth because of

• earthquakes

• water

• organisms

• oxidation

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-2

NGSS.MS-ESS2-4

The Grand Canyon most likely formed by

• lava

• deposition

• wind erosion

• water erosion

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-2

NGSS.MS-ESS2-4

How does wind cause weathering?

• Wind can not cause the weathering of rocks.

• Wind can blow sand and create new landforms.

• Wind picks up sand or dry soil and carries it from one place to another.

• Blowing sand can wear away a rock's surface and break it into smaller pieces.

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-2

Large rocks are found at the edge of Lake Huron, one of the Great Lakes. How will water from the lake change the rocks over time?

• It will wear down the rocks.

• It will make the rocks heavier.

• It will change the color of the rocks.

• It will help plants grow on the rocks.

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-2

THe flakey apperance of Stone Mountain is due to

• abrasion

• exfoliation

• wave action

• animals

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-2

This is a picture of a U-shaped ________ formed by a glacier through these mountains.

• Whodoo

• Butte

• Canyon

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-2

Virginia’s Blue Ridge Mountains were once among the tallest in the world, similar in altitude to the Himalayas of today. This would still be the case if not for the process of

• erosion.

• volcanoes.

• deposition

• photosynthesis.

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-2