Causes of Climate Change

Variations in solar output:

When the number of sunspots increases, the amount of solar radiation reaching Earth will _____, thus _____ will happen.

• increase...global warming

• increase...global cooling

• decrease...global cooling

• decrease...global warming

Volcanic eruptions:

Volcanic eruptions can cause _____ as ...

• global cooling...ash clouds and sulphur-based particles reflect incoming solar radiation back to space.

• global warming...extremely hot lava and superheated gases in pyroclastic flows heat up the atmosphere.

Global cooling caused by volcanic eruptions is a long-term impact.

• True

• False

Which of these are greenhouse gases? You may select more than one option.

• Carbon dioxide

• Carbon monoxide

• Methane

• Nitrous oxide

• Oxygen

Which of these are greenhouse gases? You may select more than one option.

• Sulphur dioxide

• Water vapour

• Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs)

• Hydrogen

• Helium

The enhanced greenhouse effect happens when...

• the concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere increases.

• the concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere decreases.

• the concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere stays constant.

• the concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere fluctuates.

The enhanced greenhouse effect leads to ___.

• global cooling

• global warming

• global dimming

Which of the following is the main cause of the enhanced greenhouse effect?

• Increase in sunspots

• Volcanic eruptions

• Human activities that emit greenhouse gases

What do anthropogenic factors refer to?

• Factors caused by human activities

• Factors caused by nature

• Factors caused by scientific processes

• Factors caused by solar activity

Which of these are anthropogenic factors that cause the enhanced greenhouse effect? You may select more than one option.

• Burning of fossil fuels

• Deforestation

• Reforestation

• Urbanisation

• Industrialisation