Indian Independence

...Indeed whilst on the one hand civil disobedience authorizes disobedience of unjust laws or unmoral laws of a state which one seeks to overthrow, it requires meek and willing submission to the penalty of disobedience and therefore cheerful acceptance of the jail discipline and its attendant hardships....

Which individual is the author of this passage?

• Otto von Bismarck

• Mohandas Gandhi

• Ho Chi Minh

• Fidel Castro

"Struggle Continues for Control of Kashmir"

"Many Hurt in Border Clashes Between Hindus and Muslims"

Which nations have been most closely associated with the conflicts in these headlines?

• China and India

• India and Pakistan

• Vietnam and Cambodia (Kampuchea)

• Sri Lanka and Thailand

. . . “Because India has become impoverished by their Government. They take away our money from year to year. The most important posts are reserved for themselves. We are kept in a state of slavery. They behave insolently [insultingly] towards us and disregard our feelings. . . .”

Source: Mohandas Gandhi, Indian Home Rule, Navajivan Publishing, 1938, reprinted in 1946 (adapted) from the NYS Global History and Geography Regents Exam, June 2004.

Based on this excerpt, which statement best describes the author’s point of view?

• The benefits of British rule outweigh the costs for India.

• British rule has hurt India and prevented its people from establishing their own economy and government.

• The British military is too powerful.

• India and Pakistan should remain one country after the British are driven out.

. . . “Because India has become impoverished by their Government. They take away our money from year to year. The most important posts are reserved for themselves. We are kept in a state of slavery. They behave insolently [insultingly] towards us and disregard our feelings. . . .”

Source: Mohandas Gandhi, Indian Home Rule, Navajivan Publishing, 1938, reprinted in 1946 (adapted) from the NYS Global History and Geography Regents Exam, June 2004.

A historian would find this excerpt most useful for

• Examining the effects of Belgian rule in the Congo

• Exploring the points of view of Muslims concerning British rule in India

• Understanding the views of Indian nationalists

• Examining the economic benefits of imperialism for British citizens

. . . “Because India has become impoverished by their Government. They take away our money from year to year. The most important posts are reserved for themselves. We are kept in a state of slavery. They behave insolently [insultingly] towards us and disregard our feelings. . . .”

Source: Mohandas Gandhi, Indian Home Rule, Navajivan Publishing, 1938, reprinted in 1946 (adapted) from the NYS Global History and Geography Regents Exam, June 2004.

Which event was an effect of the ideas expressed in this excerpt and the actions taken by Gandhi?

• Independence for India and Pakistan

• Amritsar Massacre

• Sepoy Rebellion

• Establishment of the British Raj in India