Evolution and discovery

In the 1800s Jean-Baptiste Lamarck offered a hypothesis about evolution called the inheritance of acquired characteristics. Which of the following is an example of how Lamarck thought animals evolved?

• Fish mutated the genes necessary to develop lungs and were able to eventually survive on land.

• Giraffes once had short necks and stretched them reaching for leaves on trees, later passing the longer neck trait to their offspring.

• Dark moths, once outnumbered by light moths, began to survive longer and reproduce more after the industrial revolution turned the trees black.

• The earth has been here so long that animals have had plenty of time to adapt to their environment through natural selection.

Charles Lyell wrote a book called the Principles of Geology which Charles Darwin read during his famous voyage around the world. Lyell’s book contributed to Darwin’s Theory of Evolution by convincing Darwin that

• natural selection was responsible for the acquisition of new traits within a population when there was competition between species.

• giraffes had short necks until they stretched them while reaching for the higher leaves on trees and then passed these traits to their offspring.

• the earth was old and formed by slow-acting processes which Darwin applied to the evolution of living things.

• homologous structures, the fossil record, and vestigial structures were the best evidence for the evolution of species.

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NGSS.MS-LS4-2

Which of the following men developed a theory of evolution very similar to Charles Darwin’s around the same time that Darwin developed his theory?

• Malthus

• Mendel

• Lamarck

• Wallace

Darwin's expedition was called the Voyage of the _________.

• Mayflower

• Beagle

• World

• Galapagos

The environment causes new traits, and those traits are then passed down to offspring.

• Acquired Characteristics (Lamarck)

• Natural Selection (Darwin)

• Mutation Theory (De Vries)

• Mutation-Selection (Neo-Darwinism)

Natural Selection

• Mutations cause new traits.

• The environment causes new traits.

• Allows only those with the best traits to survive.

• Mutations produce new traits and selection allows the best of those to survive.

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NGSS.MS-LS3-1

NGSS.MS-LS4-4

Who wrote Zoonomia?

• Erasmus Darwin

• Charles Darwin

• J B Lamarck

• A R Wallace

Erasmus Darwin was Charles Darwin's:

• Uncle

• Brother

• Father

• Grandfather

Who was known as "Darwin's Bulldog" as he was a great proponent of Darwin's theories?

• Erasmus Darwin

• JB Lamarck

• Thomas Huxley

• Russel Wallace

Who is most remembered as the originator of the theory of continental drift?

• Gregor Mendel

• Alfred Wegener

• Charles Darwin

• Alfred Russel Wallace