Quiz about APES Exam Review

Question 1

Which fuel contains the most SULFUR?

Accepted Answer

coal

Answer

wood

Answer

oil

Answer

natural gas

Question 2

What device reduces SO₂ emissions in power plants?

Accepted Answer

scrubber units

Answer

electrostatic precipitators

Answer

catalytic converters

Answer

afterburners

Question 3

Type of fuel source that causes DEFORESTATION

Accepted Answer

Biomass

Answer

Solar energy

Answer

Nuclear fission

Answer

Geothermal

Question 4

Which of the following 2 use PASSIVE solar energy?

Accepted Answer

solar oven

Accepted Answer

south-facing room with windows

Answer

solar panels

Answer

photovoltaic cells

Question 5

Law holding perpetrator liable for clean-up of hazardous waste

Accepted Answer

CERCLA

Answer

RCRA

Answer

CWA

Answer

ANWR

Question 6

Select the 2 main sources of RENEWABLE energy in the US

Accepted Answer

biomass energy

Accepted Answer

hydroelectric energy

Answer

wind energy

Answer

solar energy

Answer

geothermal energy

Question 7

How does CO-GENERATION increase efficiency of a power plant

Accepted Answer

it uses steam generated for thermal energy

Answer

it uses two fuel sources

Answer

it uses alternative sources for energy

Answer

it doubles the capacity of a power plant

Question 8

Fuel with the GREATEST net-energy potential

Accepted Answer

nuclear energy

Answer

petroleum

Answer

natural gas

Answer

coal

Question 9

Differences in __________ SEPARATE the various components of crude OIL.

Accepted Answer

boiling points

Answer

viscosity

Answer

sulfur

Answer

solubility

Question 10

Source of energy that causes noise pollution and increase death in birds

Accepted Answer

wind energy

Answer

solar energy

Answer

geothermal energy

Answer

biomass energy

Question 11

How long are global oil reserves expected to last?

Accepted Answer

50 years

Answer

1,500 years

Answer

150 years

Answer

75 years

Question 12

What does the Hubbert's peak represent?

Accepted Answer

the point at which oil production reaches a maximum

Answer

the point where oil production increases

Answer

the amount of nuclear fuel available in the world

Answer

the amount of coal reserves in the US

Question 13

What is used to generate solar energy on a commercial scale?

Accepted Answer

large mirrors to concentrate sunlight

Answer

photovoltaic cells

Answer

passive solar system

Answer

flat-panel solar collector system

Question 14

What is the half-life of Iodine 131?

Accepted Answer

8 days

Answer

32 days

Answer

24 days

Answer

16 days

Question 15

What is the description of a fuel cell car?

Accepted Answer

uses hydrogen to generate electricity that runs the motor

Answer

uses waste oil from food industry into ethanol

Answer

uses methane to heat water and steam turns the turbine

Answer

runs off of internal combustion and a battery

Question 16

measured as mg per kg of body weight

Accepted Answer

LD50

Answer

LC50

Answer

LR50

Answer

LM50

Question 17

LD₅₀measures

Accepted Answer

the lethal dose for 50% of a test population

Answer

the amount that will make you sick half the time

Answer

the quantity of toxin needed to infect 50% of your cells

Answer

the amount that wil kill you half the time

Question 18

Cyanide, heroin, and nicotine are concidered extreamly toxic, meaning their LD₅₀ is in this range.

Accepted Answer

5 to 50 mg/kg of body weight

Answer

Less than 5 mg/kg of body weight

Answer

50 to 500 mg/kg of body weight

Answer

500 to 1000 mg/kg of body weight

Question 19

Lethal concentration that will kill 50% of a test population

Accepted Answer

LC50

Answer

LD50

Answer

LR50

Answer

LM50

Question 20

LC₅₀is used primarily for

Accepted Answer

aquatic systems

Answer

medicine

Answer

poisons

Answer

air pollution

Question 21

I eat a mushroom and I die. What is the type of toxicity?

Accepted Answer

Acute

Answer

Chronic

Answer

A cute

Question 22

I am exposed to radiation as a child. Ten years later I die from it. What is the type of toxicity?

Accepted Answer

Chronic

Answer

Acute

Answer

A cute

Question 23

I ingest lead with every glass of water I drink. What is the type of toxicity?

Accepted Answer

Chronic

Answer

Acute

Answer

A cute

Question 24

Several chemicals in sub-toxic amounts when mixed together become toxic.

Accepted Answer

Toxic Synergy

Answer

Threshold of Toxicity

Answer

Bioaccumulation

Answer

Biomagnification

Question 25

Something, like PCBs, that causes cancer is called a

Accepted Answer

carcinogen

Answer

mutagen

Answer

pathogen

Answer

teratogen

Question 26

Something, like thalidomide, that causes malformed embryos, is called a

Accepted Answer

teratogen

Answer

mutagen

Answer

pathogen

Answer

carcinogen

Question 27

The region of the world with the highest incidence of HIV infections is

Accepted Answer

Sub-Saharan Africa

Answer

North America

Answer

Eastern Europe/ Central Asia

Answer

Western/Central Europe

Answer

Middle East/North Africa

Question 28

The replacement-level fertility rate is ____ for developed countries and ____ for developing countries.

Accepted Answer

2.1; 2.5

Answer

1.6; 1.9

Answer

2.5; 2.0

Answer

2.0; 2.5

Answer

1.8; 2.1

Question 29

Which factor below is least likely to affect birth and fertility rates today?

Accepted Answer

number of people 60 or older

Answer

cost of raising and educating children

Answer

religious beliefs

Answer

educational and employment opportunities for women

Answer

average age at marriage

Question 30

The text suggests that one key demographic statistic is the percentage of people in a region that are under 15 years of age. Why is this statistic important?

Accepted Answer

Young people are poised to move into their prime reproductive years.

Answer

Young people buy lots of goods and services

Answer

Young people will be the leaders of the future

Answer

Young people will feel the effects of global warming.

Answer

Young people are reckless and impulsive

Question 31

A metropolitan region of 100,000 people has 2000 births, 500 deaths, 200 emigrants, and 100 immigrants over a 1-year period. Its population growth rate is

Accepted Answer

1.4 percent

Answer

1.2 percent.

Answer

1.6 percent.

Answer

1.8 percent.

Answer

2.0 percent.

Question 32

Which of the following pairs of indicators best reflects the availability of health care in a country?

Accepted Answer

Infant mortality rate and life expectancy

Answer

Crude death rate and growth rate

Answer

Crude death rate and crude birth rate

Answer

Growth rate and life expectancy

Answer

Infant mortality rate and crude death rate

Question 33

Which of the following characteristics are typical of developed countries?

I High technology use

II Low GDP

III Small-scale sustainable agriculture

Accepted Answer

I only

Answer

II only

Answer

I and III only

Answer

II and III only

Answer

I, II and III

Question 34

Which of the following statements about total fertility rate is correct

Accepted Answer

TFR is the average number of children each woman will give birth to during her childbearing years.

Answer

TFR is equal to the crude birth rate minus the crude death rate.

Answer

TFR is the average number of children each woman must have to replace the current population.

Answer

TFR is generally higher in developed countries than in developing countries

Answer

TFR is equal to the growth rate of a country

Question 35

Even if a country reduces its birth rate and maintains replacement-level fertility, its population will still continue to grow for several decades because of

Accepted Answer

population momentum

Answer

lower death rates

Answer

increased income.

Answer

better health care.

Answer

increased life expectancy.

Question 36

At current growth rates, which country will probably be the most populous in the world after 2050?

Accepted Answer

India

Answer

China

Answer

Brazil

Answer

Indonesia

Answer

United States

Question 37

Which of the following countries best exemplifies phase 4 of a demographic transition?

Accepted Answer

Japan

Answer

Argentina

Answer

China

Answer

India

Answer

Mexico

Question 38

Using the rule of 70, a population growing at 10% would double in

Accepted Answer

7 years

Answer

10 years

Answer

17 years

Answer

15 years

Answer

not enough information to tell

Question 39

Populations whose age structure diagrams are narrower at the bottom than at the top have

Accepted Answer

a declining population

Answer

high death rates

Answer

the same proportion of individuals in each age group

Answer

a high growth rate

Answer

all of the above

Question 40

A particular country has a Total Fertility Rate equal to replacement level fertility and emigration equal to immigration. Which of the following must be true?

Accepted Answer

The population must be stable.

Answer

The population will begin shrinking within ten years, based on the Rule of 70.

Answer

The population will begin growing as soon as TFR = 2.1.

Answer

Infant mortality must also be less than Crude Death Rate.

Answer

There is not enough information to tell.

Question 41

Human activities such as the ____ release large amounts of Carbon into our atmosphere.

Accepted Answer

burning of wood

Answer

Burning of fossil fuels

Answer

use of synthetic fertilizers

Answer

use of detergents

Question 42

Which of the following biogeochemical cycles does not have an atmospheric phase?

Accepted Answer

Phosphorous Cycle

Answer

Hydrolic Cycle

Answer

Nitrogen Cycle

Answer

Sulfur Cycle

Answer

Carbon Cycle

Question 43

Energy enters a system as sunlight and a producer is able to produce 10 kilograms of tissue. If eaten, the producer would produce about ___ kilograms of a consumer tissue that would provide about ____ kilograms of tissue for a secondary consumer

Accepted Answer

1; 0.1

Answer

100; 10

Answer

10; 1

Answer

100; 1

Question 44

Productivity in an ecosystem has to do with

Accepted Answer

Its rate of producing biomass

Answer

Efficiency of its primary producers

Answer

The number of different species living in the ecosystem

Answer

Its longevity

Question 45

An ecosystem consists of

Accepted Answer

A biological community and its physical environment

Answer

A physical environment within which a biological community lives

Answer

The species with which a biological community interacts

Answer

the primary producers within a biological community

Question 46

The length and complexity of a food web in the Arctic would be ____ when compared to one in the tropical rainforest.

Accepted Answer

Short and less complex

Answer

short and more complex

Answer

long and less complex

Answer

long and more complex

Question 47

Producers rely on _____ to release chemical energy and consumers rely on ____ to release chemical energy.

Accepted Answer

photosynthesis; cellular respiration

Answer

Cellular Respiration; photosynthesis

Answer

Cellular Respiration; cellular respiration

Answer

photosynthesis; photosynthesis

Question 48

Kinetic energy is ______ energy

Accepted Answer

Motion

Answer

Electrical

Answer

Stored

Answer

Heat

Question 49

Energy is the ability to

Accepted Answer

Move objects and transfer heat from one object to another

Answer

Move Objects

Answer

Become Heated

Answer

Transfer heat from one object to another

Question 50

The first law of thermodynamics and the law of conservation of matter are similar in that

Accepted Answer

Under normal circumstances neither energy nor matter is created or destroyed

Answer

Both energy and matter are recycled through biological systems

Answer

Both energy and matter flow in a one-way path through biological systems

Answer

The first law of thermodynamics and the law of conservation of matter are not similar

Question 51

Metabolism can be seen as the process of converting

Accepted Answer

Potential energy into kinetic energy

Answer

Energy into matter

Answer

Kinetic energy into potential energy

Answer

Atoms into compounds

Question 52

Potential energy is ______ energy.

Accepted Answer

Stored

Answer

Electrical

Answer

Motion

Answer

Heat

Question 53

Which of the following is a form of energy?

Accepted Answer

All of these forms of energy

Answer

Electricity

Answer

Food

Answer

Heat

Answer

Light

Question 54

Metabolism is a collective term for thousands of

Accepted Answer

Enzymatic reactions necessary for life

Answer

Organic compounds

Answer

Molecular reactions in a compound

Answer

Cells in an organism

Question 55

The distinction between an organic compound and an inorganic compound is that organic compounds contain

Accepted Answer

Carbon

Answer

Oxygen

Answer

Water

Answer

Nitrogen

Question 56

Which of the following is not a molecule?

Accepted Answer

Na+

Answer

O3

Answer

O2

Answer

H2O

Answer

C6H12O6

Question 57

The smallest particle that exhibits the characteristics of a chemical element is known as a(n)

Accepted Answer

Atom

Answer

Molecule

Answer

Ion

Answer

Compound

Question 58

What implication does the law of conservation of matter have for humans?

Accepted Answer

Disposable goods are not going "away" when we throw them out

Answer

We cannot create energy because it is neither created or destroyed

Answer

As matter is recycled it loses some of its integrity so we need to be careful when we dispose of goods

Answer

Natural resources are unlimited because they are used and reused by living organisms

Question 59

Ecologists study....

Accepted Answer

Relationships between organisms and their environment

Answer

Living things and their genetic makeup

Answer

Genetic Patterns and the chemistry in them

Answer

The physical world and its processes

Question 60

Which of the following is the best conclusion that can be made from this graph?

Accepted Answer

atmospheric carbon dioxide levels have increased steadily since 1960

Answer

atmospheric carbon dioxide levels have been decreasing since 1960

Answer

Hawaii has a lot of carbon dioxide

Answer

humans have been working hard to decrease carbon dioxide levels

Question 61

What is the largest carbon sink in the world?

Accepted Answer

The Oceans

Answer

The Amazon

Answer

The Deserts

Answer

The Forests

Question 62

What causes winds to form on Earth?

Accepted Answer

uneven heating of the Earth by the sun

Answer

solar energy

Answer

ocean currents

Answer

elevation differences

Question 63

What are the 3 major climate zones in order from equator to the poles?

Accepted Answer

tropical, temperate, polar

Answer

polar, temperate, tropical

Answer

temperate, polar, tropical

Question 64

Which BEST describes why latitudes closest to the equator have warmer climates?

Accepted Answer

they receive more solar energy

Answer

they are at lower elevations

Answer

they are nearer to ocean currents

Answer

they get more winds that carry energy in the form of heat

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