2019 Cognition BP

The main difference between auditory and visual sensory memory is that

• visual memory dominates auditory memory

• visual sensory memory lasts for a shorter period of time than auditory sensory memory

• visual sensory memory has a higher storage capacity than auditory sensory memory

• a phone number read to an individual will be lost before a phone number that was glanced at for 15 seconds

• if both visual and auditory stimuli are presented at the same time the visual stimulus is more likely to be transferred to the long term memory than is the auditory stimulus

The greater likelihood of recalling information from memory while in the same or similar environment in which the memory was originally encoded is an example of

• retroactive interference

• chunking

• elaborative rehearsal

• encoding specificity

The term given to that part of language composed of tones and inflections that add or change meaning without alteration in word usage is

• syntax

• grammar

• phonemics

• semantics

• prosody

Which of the following would NOT be an example of a two year old's usage of telegraphic speech

• "where ball?"

• "Boy hurt"

• Milk"

• "Mommy give hug"

• "Go play group"

Students are given a reasoning task in which they are asked in 60 seconds, to come up with as many ways as possible to use a spoon that do not involve eating or preparing food. The number and diversity of responses could most accurately reflect the students.

• divergent thinking abilities

• convergent thinking abilities

• intelligence quotients

• workings memories

• subordinate concepts

Recalling the fact the Abraham Lincoln was the president of the United States during the Civil War is an example of

• procedural memory

• implicit memory

• semantic memory

• episodic memory

Stefano tries his hardest to learn German, but he continues to replace words with Spanish words by accident. This is most likely a result of

• proactive interference

• retroactive interference

• telegraphic speech

• surface structure of language

Ben continues to get stuck on a physics problem, approaching it the same way every time. This is an example of

• functional fixedness

• a mental set

• a representative heuristic

• insight learning

Which of the following is an example of a representative heuristic?

• Kelly creates a perfect mental image of a rose in her mind

• Malik thinks that cancer is more deadly than heart disease because he sees advertisements for cancer research frequently

• Priscilla uses a box as a stepstool to research the highest shelf.

• In an effort to prove her theory true, Jennifer interprets the otherwise objective facts as supporting evidence for her claims.

Sheldon memories organic chemistry functional groups by relating them to his passion and understanding of landscaping This memorization technique is known as

• functional fixedness

• chunking

• state dependent memory

• self referential effect