Quiz about SOL 7.13 Evolution Review

Question 1

When organisms are better adapted to their environment, they will survive and reproduce more successfully than organisms less adapted. This process is called ___.

Accepted Answer

natural selection

Answer

evolution of all species

Answer

selective breeding

Answer

cloning

Question 2

What is it called when all of the organisms of a species completely die out?

Accepted Answer

Extinction

Answer

Adaptation

Answer

Mutations

Answer

Fossilization

Question 3

Who proposed the theory that evolution happens as a result of natural selection?

Accepted Answer

Charles Darwin

Answer

Robert Hooke

Answer

Matthias Schleiden

Answer

James Watson

Question 4

When a DNA sequence is copied, sometimes mistakes occur in the new strand of DNA. What do we call these mistakes?

Accepted Answer

Mutations

Answer

Transcription

Answer

Adaptations

Answer

Chargaff's rule

Question 5

What is likely to happen if a mutation causes a favorable change in an organism, helping to increase its survival?

Accepted Answer

The mutation will be passed on to its offspring

Answer

The organism will not be accepted by members of its population

Answer

The mutation will disappear from the organism over time

Answer

The organism will die an early death due to genetic complications

Question 6

A slight change in a hawk's sight enables it to see and catch its prey easier and helps it to better survive than hawks without the change. This change is called a / an ___.

Accepted Answer

adaptation

Answer

adjustment

Answer

evolution

Answer

extinction

Question 7

All of the field mice that live in a field of light colored grass have tan fur. One of the mice is born with black fur. What could cause the black fur color?

Accepted Answer

mutation

Answer

selective breeding

Answer

adaptation

Answer

natural selection

Question 8

What is an inherited trait that gives an organism an advantage in its particular environment called?

Accepted Answer

adaptation

Answer

variation

Answer

divergence

Answer

mutation

Question 9

The gradual change in a species or population over a period of time is called ___.

Accepted Answer

evolution

Answer

classification

Answer

genetics

Answer

population disturbances

Question 10

Ambulocetus were aquatic mammals that lived on Earth about 49 million years ago. Since none of these mammals are still living on Earth today, they are said to be ___.

Accepted Answer

extinct

Answer

threatened

Answer

endangered

Answer

declining

Question 11

Sometimes bones in the front limbs of animals are very similar in structure. What do we call similar bone structures that indicate a link to a common ancestor?

Accepted Answer

Homologous structures

Answer

Gradualism

Answer

Absolute dating

Answer

Adaptations

Question 12

The preserved remains or physical evidence of an organism that lived in the past are called ___.

Accepted Answer

fossils

Answer

evolutionary features

Answer

variations

Answer

mutations

Question 13

The figure shows how the Eohippus horse has changed over time to become the Equus (modern day) horse. What is this chart an example of?

Accepted Answer

Evolution

Answer

Extinction

Answer

Trait addition

Answer

Inheritable discussion

Question 14

Many animals share homologous structures. Choose all of the statements considered true about these homologous structures and evolution.

Accepted Answer

The structures suggest organisms are related in some way.

Accepted Answer

Organisms with homologous structures probably evolved from common ancestors.

Answer

The similarity of structures suggests birds, porpoises, and elephants evolved from humans.

Answer

Mutations over time caused these structures to become similar.

Question 15

A reduced or unused physical structure in an organism, (ex: appendix in humans) which was more developed in an earlier group of organisms, is called ___.

Accepted Answer

a vestigial organ

Answer

an adaptation

Answer

a speciation

Answer

a mutation

Question 16

On a trip to the mountains, students observed seashells on the top and sides of a cliff. What is the most reasonable explanation for this discovery?

Accepted Answer

The rocks that make up this mountain were once under water.

Answer

The seashells were washed ashore during violent storms.

Answer

The seashells were carried to the top of the mountain by the forces of nature.

Answer

People carried the seashells to the top of the mountains.

Question 17

How would Darwin explain the fact that modern horses are very different from the skeletal remains of horses from millions of years ago?

Accepted Answer

Modern horses are different from their ancestors because of the process of natural selection.

Answer

The skeletons of ancient horses are different because they are chance mutations.

Answer

Because ancient horses are members of species different from the modern horse.

Answer

Modern and ancient horses cannot possibly be related.

Question 18

Structures or organs in organisms that have no apparent function, such as the tailbone in humans, and pelvic bone in snakes and whales, are called ___.

Accepted Answer

vestigial structures

Answer

evolutionary structures

Answer

lost structures

Answer

ancient structures

Question 19

How are structures that have no current apparent function in an organism, evidence for evolution?

Accepted Answer

Organisms with these structures probably share ancestry with organisms in which the same structure is functional.

Answer

Organisms with these structures do not share ancestry with organisms in which the same structure is functional.

Answer

Organisms have developed these structures as defense mechanisms.

Answer

Organisms have developed these structures very recently.

Question 20

The fossil record shows how the ears in early whales were much different than the ears in modern whales. Early whales had ears similar to land-based animals and had poor underwater hearing. Modern whales retained this type of hearing, but also developed a new system of hearing that helps them with underwater echolocation. What do these records help to prove?

Accepted Answer

how species evolve over time

Answer

the effects of mutations on species

Answer

how species go extinct

Answer

the role of genetic engineering

Question 21

What most likely caused the finches on the Galapagos Islands to have beaks that were different from the finches living on the South American mainland?

Accepted Answer

There were different types of food available on the island.

Answer

There were different types of predators living on the island.

Answer

The finches on the islands had to drink salt water.

Answer

The finches on the mainland built different types of nests.

Question 22

Both of these birds were originally the same species. Overtime, however, the two birds began to live in different environments and eat different types of food. What were these changes in beak and feather color caused by?

Accepted Answer

Mutations

Answer

Clones

Answer

Variations

Answer

Extinctions

Question 23

On the Galapagos Islands, Darwin observed tortoises with short necks living in damp areas with abundant plant life, and tortoises with longer necks living in dry areas with cacti. What do these observations show about species in different environments?

Accepted Answer

Members of a species best suited to an environment survive and reproduce at a higher rate.

Answer

Members of a species overproduce offspring in order to increase their survival rate.

Answer

Members of a species randomly live in different environments.

Answer

Members of a species are not influenced by their environment.

Question 24

Differences in the thickness of animals' fur, in the colors of birds' feathers, or in the shape of trees' leaves are examples of ___.

Accepted Answer

variations

Answer

mutations

Answer

fossils

Answer

radiations

Question 25

How does genetic evidence support evolution?

Accepted Answer

through similarities in genes and DNA patterns

Answer

through similarities in physical structures

Answer

through similarities in growth and development

Answer

through similarities in mutations

Question 26

If the entire insect population migrated out of the spider's habitat, which spider would most likely become extinct if it could not adapt to this change?

Accepted Answer

2

Answer

1

Answer

3

Answer

4

Question 27

A few members of a deer population living in the Tundra were moved to a tropical rainforest. Offspring from these deer had less fur in a number of succeeding generations. This is an example of ___.

Accepted Answer

adaptation

Answer

variation

Answer

mutation

Answer

speciation

Question 28

When looking at two tree frogs of the same species, Thomas noticed one of the frogs was a little darker in color than the other frog. Olivia also noticed that one of the frogs had longer toes than the other frog. These slight differences observed within members of the same species are called __.

Accepted Answer

variations

Answer

fossils

Answer

replication

Answer

cloning

Question 29

To blend in with surroundings, an animal would most likely be what color in the arctic tundra?

Accepted Answer

White

Answer

Green

Answer

Brown

Answer

Black

Question 30

Which of the following pairs of organisms will have the most similar genes?

Accepted Answer

a pine tree and a fern

Answer

a fern and a bacterium

Answer

an amoeba and a mushroom

Answer

a bacterium and a human

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