Ecosystems Revision

An ecosystem is

• A group of organisms living together

• All of the living and non living factors interacting together in a particular area

• Complex interactions between biotic and abiotic factors

• A listing of the organisms that belong to the same family

Which of the following is not an abiotic factor?

• Climate

• Soil type in a given area

• Carcass of a kangaroo

• Presence of a river or lake

Which of the following are biotic factors

• Trees in a rainforest

• Fungi growing on a dead tree

• Total annual rainfall in the rainforest

• Ants living on a rainforest floor

Decomposers are an extremely important part of an ecosystem because they

• Capture light energy from the sun so that it can be passed on to other organisms

• Stop the dead animals and plants from building up in the ecosystem

• Keep the area clean and free of smells

• Break down organic matter into inorganic minerals so that they can be recycled within the ecosystem

Consider this statement:

"All of the energy in an ecosystem ultimately comes from sunlight"

Select the sentence(s) below that justifies this statement

• Consumers in a food web get their energy from eating producers

• Producers in a food web harvest their energy from sunlight. All of the consumers in a food web get their energy from eating a producer

• Herbivores eat plants and Carnivores eat herbivores

• Producers in a food web are called autotrophs because they harvest energy from the sun. The word autotroph means self-feeder

There are three types of consumers; herbivores, omnivores, and carnivores

• True

• False

Select the animal that is not an example of a herbivore

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Athletes foot is caused by a fungus that secretes enzymes that digest the skin around the fungus. The fungus then absorbs the broken down nutrients. The human host of the fungus suffers a red itchy foot.

This is an example of:

• Parasitism

• Mutualism

• Commensalism

Termites have tiny protozoa living in their intestines. The protozoa break down the wood that the termite eats so that it can be digested by the termite. The protozoa need the conditions inside the termite to live.

This is an example of

• Commensalism

• Parasitism

• Mutualism

The difference between cellular respiration and photosynthesis is:

• cellular respiration is done by animals and photosynthesis is done by plants

• photosynthesis produces glucose molecules, cellular respiration produces ATP molecules

• cellular respiration uses energy while photosynthesis harvests it

• cellular respiration happens in mitochondria and photosynthesis happens in chloroplasts