tissue culture 2

What is somatic embryogenesis?

• The process of initiation and development of a structure that shows natural organ form and/or function.

• Somatic embryos are formed in plant tissue culture from plant cells that are not normally involved in the development of embryos

• Isolating and growing an immature or mature zygotic embryo under sterile conditions

• In vitro technique that has been used to synthesis the synthetic seed of fertilization

Embryo rescue is an in vitro technique that has been used to____________ of fertilization when they might otherwise _______________.

• remove contaminants, the culture will not survive

• improve the media for the hybrid, not grow

• save the hybrid products, degenerate

• develop a synthetic seed, cannot be preserved

Which one is not correct about somatic hybridization?

• Involve protoplasts fusion

• Results recombination of nuclear and cytoplasmic genomes

• Produces sterile somatic hybrids with target traits of wild species

• Avoids biosafety regulatory issues associated with transgenics

• All are correct

Which statement is correct about micropropagation?

• The art and science of plant multiplication in vivo

• Avoiding callus stage in micropropagation can minimize somaclonal variation

• Can be done easily using any types of tissue of any plants

• Start with selection of explant, initiation of culture, rooting, multiplication and finally transfer to soil

What are the suitable conditions used in slow growth techniques to preserve germplasms?

• Low temperature, low light, less water potential

• Ultra low temperature in liquid nitrogen, low light, less water potential

• High temperature, high light, supplementing media with growth retardants

• High temperature, low light, supplementing media with growth retardants

Which one is not correct about cryopreservation?

• Use ultra low temperature and stop metabolic processes

• Need preculturing step with rapid growth rate

• Requires the formation of the ice crystal during the freezing step

• Recovery process can be done after rapid thawing

What is somaclonal variation

• Variation among cells in the same organism

• Variation among different plants that grown from different mutated embryos

• The variation seen in plants that have been produced by plant tissue culture.

• A tissue culture problem that is useless and must be avoided

Genetic engineering requires the ____________ from _________

• regeneration of whole plant, single callus

• regeneration of whole plant, single cell

• regeneration of shoot, single callus

• regeneration of callus, single cell

Key/s for successful plant genetic engineering is/are..

• The new gene must be delivered into the cytoplasm of a cell

• The new gene must be delivered into the cytoplasm together with a marker gene

• The location where the transgene inserts into the cytoplasm must not interfere with the expression of the gene.

• All are correct

• All are wrong

In bioreactor, batch culture system refers to..

• a system with constant inflow and constant efflux.

• a system with batches, where only small part of the culture will be maintained for the next batch.

• a system where cells containing the desired intracellular metabolite are harvested from the fermentor at the end of the culture period

• a system that rarely used to obtain valuable metabolites from plant cells.