Colonialism in Africa & Latin America

What was the Berlin Conference?

• A meeting of African countries to become independent.

• A group of Europeans who wanted African countries to have independence.

• A meeting to decide how much land in Africa the European countries received.

• A meeting to discuss slavery in Africa.

Why did European countries want to colonize Africa?

• More land and resources meant more money and power for the European countries.

• European countries wanted to create new countries in Africa.

• African countries asked for help.

• There were too many people in Europe and they wanted to send some people to live in Africa.

How do direct and indirect rule differ?

• Direct rule set up governments run by local people; indirect rule set up a government controlled by royal officials.

• Under direct rule, European officials and soldiers governed colonies;

  indirect rule used appointed locals to govern colonies.

• Direct rule set up western democracy over colonies; indirect rule allowed colonies to govern themselves.

• Under direct rule, a European monarch ruled the colony; indirect rule let colonies self-govern with no intervention.

A main economic cause of the new imperialism of the 19th century was

• the need for raw materials for industrial production.

• a move from capitalism to communism by many European governments.

• an increased demand for goods manufactured in Asia.

• an increased demand for European manufactured goods.

How did Westerners justify their right to rule over other people?

• They convinced colonized people that they would improve their lives.

• They convinced Africans and Asians that they only wanted to protect them.

• They adopted traditions of the colonized cultures as their own.

• They believed that Western culture was superior to others.

Under which type of imperial rule would Westerners run the government within the colony?

• protectorate

• sphere of influence

• direct rule

• indirect rule

What time period did the Scramble for Africa take place during?

• 1600s
• 1800s
• 1900s
• 2000s

Which two European countries colonized the most land during the Scramble for Africa?

• France and Belgium
• Portugal and Italy
• Great Britain and Ireland
• France and Great Britain

Why did the Europeans FIRST take an interest in the African continent? (Hint: Before raw materials)

• They were engaged in the slave trade
• They wanted to control African industry
• They wanted African agricultural products
• They were invited to help organize African educational systems

True or False:

African leaders were invited to the Berlin Conference.

• True

• False