ES5: Plate Tectonics

Holes drilled several kilometers into Earth’s crust provide direct evidence about Earth’s interior in the form of

• seismic waves.

• rock samples.

• liquid iron.

• volcanic eruption.

Geologists obtain indirect evidence about Earth’s interior by

• measuring pressure differences at Earth’s surface.

• estimating temperature inside earth.

• directly looking under the many layers.

• recording and studying seismic waves.

Tags

NGSS.HS-ESS2-3

What is the correct order (starting from the surface) of Earth’s layers?

• crust, outer core, inner core, mantle

• mantle, outer core, inner core, crust

• crust, mantle, outer core, inner core

• outer core, inner core, crust, mantle

Earth’s inner core is

• a dense ball of solid metal.

• a layer of molten metal.

• a layer of hot rock.

• a layer of rock that forms Earth’s outer skin.

Heat transfer within a fluid takes place by

• convection currents.

• radiation.

• conduction.

• density.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

According to Wegener’s hypothesis of continental drift,

• Earth’s surface is made up of seven major land masses.

• the continents do not move.

• Earth is slowly cooling and shrinking.

• the continents were once joined together in a single landmass.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-3

What is Pangaea?

• the name of a German scientist

• the name of the supercontinent that existed millions of years ago

• another name for continental drift

• the name of an ancient fossil

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-3

Which type of evidence was NOT used by Alfred Wegener to support his continental drift hypothesis?

• evidence from landforms

• evidence from fossils

• evidence from human remains

• evidence from climate

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-3

Most geologists rejected Alfred Wegener’s idea of continental drift because

• they were afraid of a new idea.

• Wegener was interested in what Earth was like millions of years ago.

• Wegener used several different types of evidence to support his hypothesis.

• Wegener could not identify a force that could move the continents.

Tags

NGSS.HS-ESS1-5

In sea-floor spreading, molten material rises from the mantle and erupts

• along the edges of all the continents.

• along mid-ocean ridges.

• in deep-ocean trenches.

• at the north and south poles.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-3