Unit 1 Vocabulary and People

How did law codes like the Ten Commandments, delivered by Moses, influence the Founding Fathers?

• everyone had the right to a fair trial

• governments should be based on republicanism

• societies should establish social contracts that everyone would have to follow

• the law should apply to everyone, including kings

Describe John Locke's '"natural laws"

• All people have inalienable rights such as the right to liberty

• Monarchs are appointed by God and should have supreme power

• People need government to maintain order and prevent conflict

• the powers of government must be separated

• laws that have no pesticides or artificial fertilizers

The Declaration of Independence lists “Life, Liberty and the Pursuit of Happiness” as —

• state’s rights

• legislative duties

• unalienable rights

• governmental powers

• the right to party

Which democratic principle of the U.S. Constitution is Madison describing?

• Republicanis

• Popular sovereignty

• Checks and balances

• Separation of powers

• Antifa

The inclusion of the phrase “the Law of Nature and of Nature’s God” is most likely a reference to which of the following?

• All revolutions must be explained to the world

• All governments, even tyrannical ones, are just

• There is no standard by which to judge good versus bad governments.

• Establishing a new nation should be based on reason and moral principles.

In what way did this idea expressed by Montesquieu influence the writing of the U.S. Constitution?

• The President has the power to veto any bill

• Government is organized into three branches

• A bill of rights was added to specify individual rights.

• Two separated representative bodies must approve all laws

Which major political theory about governmental power is presented in this excerpt?

• Natural rights

• Divine right of kings

• Enlightened monarchy

• Consent of the governed

Which political idea is based on the belief that citizens must be willing to give up some freedoms in exchange for the protection of rights?

• Divine right

• Natural rights

• Social contract

• Rule by the majority

Which phrase from the excerpt recognizes that all people are born with rights which should be protected by the government?

• “All men are created equal”

• “That to secure these rights”

• “Governments are instituted among Men”

• “Endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights”

Which political tradition completes the excerpt?

• common law

• judicial review

• constitutionalism

• popular sovereignty