Biotechnology (Ch. 20)

The role of restriction enzymes in DNA technology is to

• provide a vector for the transfer of recombinant DNA

• produce cDNA from mRNA

• produce a cut (usually staggered) at specific restriction sites on DNA

• reseal "sticky ends" after base pairing of complementary bases

Yeast has become important in genetic engineering because it

• has plasmids that can be genetically engineered

• facilitates the study of eukaryotic gene regulation and expression

• grows readily and rapidly in the laboratory

• does all of the above

Gel electrophoresis is a means of separating fragments of DNA based on

• charge

• nucleotide sequence

• genetic information

• size

A plasmid has two antibiotic resistance genes, one for ampicillin and one for tetracycline. It is treated with a restriction enzyme that cuts in the middle of the ampicillin gene. DNA fragments containing a human globin gene were cut with the same restriction enzyme. The plasmids and fragments are mixed, treated with ligase, and used to transform bacterial cells. Clones that have taken up the recombinant DNA

• can grow on plates with ampicillin but not with tetracycline

• can grow on plates with tetracycline but not with ampicillin

• can grow on plates with tetracycline and ampicillin

• cannot grow with any antibiotics

Two DNA fragments created by cutting both with the same restriction enzyme can be recombined

• if both DNA fragments come from the same species

• if both DNA fragments come from animals

• if both DNA fragments come from eukaryotes

• regardless of the sources of the DNA

The following segment of DNA has restriction site I and II, which create restriction fragments a, b, and c. Which of the gels produced by electrophoresis would represent the separation and identity of these fragments?

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Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-1

Because Neanderthal individuals died out relatively recently, their bones have not fossilized (turned to stone). It has been possible to isolate bits of DNA from Neanderthal bones, although there isn't much and what is available is in poor condition. What will be your first step in preparing this DNA for analysis?

• reverse transcriptase

• electrophoresis

• DNA fingerprinting

• polymerase chain reaction

You wish to express a eukaryotic gene product in a prokaryotic expression system. What is the advantage of using cDNA as your starting point?

• cDNA does not contain introns

• cDNA is entirely artificial

• cDNA and prokaryotic DNA use the same genetic code

• cDNA is easier to prepare than genomic DNA

Which is the first enzyme used in the production of a recombinant plasmid?

• restriction enzyme

• reverse transcriptase

• DNA ligase

• DNA polymerase

Which is the last enzyme involved in making recombinant plasmids?

• restriction enzymes

• reverse transcriptase

• DNA ligase

• DNA polymerase