SPECIATION

Which of the following is the BEST definition of species?

• A group of organisms that lives in the same habitat

• A group o organisms that exploit the same ecological niche

• A group of organisms that can interbreed and produce viable and fertile offspring

• A group of organisms that have the same appearance

The process of a new species arising within the geographic range of the parent population is called

• ecological speciation

• allopatric speciation

• adaptive radiation

• sympatric speciation

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Which of the following must occur after a period of geographic isolation in order for the two sibling species to remain genetically distinct following their geographic reunion in the same home range?

• Prezygotic barriers

• Postzygotic barriers

• Ecological isolation

• Reproductive isolation

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Only a few types of a particular bird species diverge after a small number colonises a new island. This mechanism is called

• stabilizing selection

• directional selection

• the founder effect

• disruptive selection

All of the following examples describes prezygotic isolating mechanisms EXCEPT

• elaborate and unique courtship display to identify mates

• reproductive organs that are physically incompatible

• hybrids that are viable but sterile

• different breeding times

Two species of Drosophila live in the same geographical area. One of the species is sexually active in the morning, while the other in the afternoon. Which reproductive isolation mechanism is involved?

• Behavioural

• Gametic

• Mechanical

• Temporal

Choose the CORRECT statement that explain how sympatric speciation can occur in maggot flies

• Sexual selection in reproductive isolation

• Reproductive isolation due to behavioral barrier

• Reproductive isolation due to habitat differentiation

• Two different species interbreed and produce sterile hybrid offspring

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Two species of wildflowers have different length of floral tubes. Bees pollinate flowers with short tubes in the morning, while hummingbirds pollinate flowers with long tubes in the afternoon. Reproductive isolation that occur are... (Choose more than ONE answer)

• Mechanical isolation

• Temporal isolation

• Behavioural isolation

• Habitat isolation

Name the factor that leads to speciation shown in the diagram

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The evolution of a new species from an existing species is ____.

• natural selection
• isolation
• speciation
• genetic variation

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