Psychology -- Learning, Day 1

Learning to make an involuntary response to a stimulus other than the original, natural stimulus that normally produces the response.

• Classical Conditioning

• Operant Conditioning

A naturally occurring stimulus that leads to an involuntary and unlearned response. In Pavlov’s dogs, the food.

• Unconditioned Stimulus

• Conditioned Stimulus

• Conditioned Response

• Neutral Stimulus

An involuntary and unlearned response to a naturally occurring or unconditioned stimulus. In Pavlov’s dogs, the salivation to the food.

• Unconditioned Response

• Conditioned Stimulus

• Conditioned Response

• Neutral Stimulus

A previously neutral stimulus that becomes able to produce a conditioned response, after pairing with an unconditioned stimulus. In Pavlov’s dogs, when the dogs linked the bowl with the food.

• Conditioned Stimulus

• Unconditioned Stimulus

• Unconditioned Response

• Neutral Stimulus

A learned response to a conditioned stimulus. In Pavlov’s dogs, when the dog salivates at the sight of the bowl, even when it’s empty.

• Conditioned Response

• Unconditioned Stimulus

• Unconditioned Response

• Neutral Stimulus

A stimulus that has no effect on the desired response prior to conditioning. In Pavlov’s dogs, the food bowl before the experiment.

• Neutral Stimulus

• Conditioned Response

• Unconditioned Stimulus

• Unconditioned Response

The tendency to respond to a stimulus that is only similar to the original conditioned stimulus with the conditioned response. In Pavlov’s dogs, the sight of a bowl that is not the same bowl used in the experiment.

• Stimulus Generalization

• Neutral Stimulus

• Unconditioned Stimulus

• Conditioned Stimulus

The disappearance or weakening of a learned response following the removal or absence of the unconditioned stimulus or the removal of a reinforcer.

• Extinction

• Spontaneous Recovery

• Operant Conditioning

• Reinforcement

The reappearance of a learned response after extinction has occurred.

• Extinction

• Spontaneous Recovery

• Operant Conditioning

• Reinforcement

The learning of voluntary behavior through the effects of pleasant and unpleasant consequences to responses.

• Operant Conditioning

• Classical Conditioning