Unit 1: Grade 8 Urbanization

Which of the following is the best definition for the word "urbanization" ?

• a city

• an area with mostly farms

• a place with a dense population that forms into a city

• people moving out of a city

Which of these is the best conclusion that can be drawn from this graph?

• At the turn of the century (1890-1920) there were more agricultural workers than farm workers.

• In 1900, 6 million Americans were working in manufacturing

• At the turn of the century (1890-1920), the number of Americans working in agriculture increased

• At the turn of the century (1890-1920), the number of Americans working in manufacturing increased.

This photo was taken by Lewis Hine, what message did he hope to convey with this picture?

• There were two children working in the early 1900's.

• Labor was terrible and needed to be stopped.

• Kids did not get to go to school in the early 1900's

• Laws were passed to stop children from working.

READ THE FOLLOWING:

Progressive Legislation

Hepburn Act 1906-Allowed the government to set the maximum rates for railroads so that they would not over charge customers.

Meat Inspection Act 1906- Required inspections of meat processing plants. Allowed the government to inspect meat that crossed state lines.

Sherman Anti-Trust Act- Set rules for businesses. To make sure that they were not acting in unfair ways.

18th Amendment- Banned the sale of alcohol in the U.S.

QUESTION: What conclusion can be best drawn from the chart above?

• During the Progressive Era, many laws were passed to improve the lives of Americans.

• Laws were passed to make meat processing safe.

• Many positive and beneficial laws were passed during the Progressive Era

• Many Americans voted for new laws in the Progressive Era

Which of the following best states the artist claim or message in this political cartoon?

• Immigration restrictions are not needed.

• While some immigrants may be violent, many others are hardworking and help our country.

• We should not pass laws to restrict the limit of immigrants because its unfair.

• The U.S. should pass immigration restrictions or limits because many immigrants may be violent and cause damage to our country.

Which of the following is the main reason immigrants came to the U.S. at the turn of the 20th century?

• For a better life

• For economic opportunities like jobs

• For equal rights for women and other minorities

• Because the boat ride to Ellis Island was long and difficult

Ellis Island

-Europeans immigrated through here

-Medical exams for immigrants

-Most people were released in a few hours

-Located in NY.

-Immigrants were asked questions about jobs and criminal background

Angel Island

-Chinese immigrated through here

-Medical exams for immigrants

-Many were held for months or even years

-Located in California

-Had to prove that they had family in the U.S. to be admitted.

Questions: What conclusion can be made from the information above?

• The immigration process at Ellis Island included a medical exam.

• Immigration was so difficult that it was not even worth it

• Many laws stopped immigrants from coming to the U.S.

• The immigration process was harder for immigrants from China than from Europe.

Which of the following is the main reason that many Americans opposed immigration at the turn of the century?

• Many Americans feared that immigrants would take their jobs away

• Many Americans were racist and did not want immigrants to come to the U.S.

• They believed that all Americans should know English

• There were many new laws during the Progressive Era.

Read the details below, then answer question 9.

-Upton Sinclair wrote a book called the Jungle about the terrible working conditions in meat packing plants.

-Nellie Bly went undercover in a hospital for people with mental illness so that she could write an article about it.

-Ida Tarbell wrote the book "The History of the Standard Oil Company" to expose the big oil businesses creating monopolies and putting small oil companies out of business.

QUESTION: What conclusion can be best drawn from these details?

• Nelly Bly was a brave women.

• Muckrakers exposed problems in society so that they would be fixed.

• There are many social problems today than there were in the Progressive Era.

• Many people wrote articles and books during the Progressive Era.

Which of the following details supports the claim that urbanization was negative for the U.S.?

• Many immigrants had access to manufacturing jobs in cities.

• There were many problems in the cities during the Industrial Revolution

• There were not enough farmers so there was a lack of foods.

• There was not enough quality housing in the cities for poor workers.