AP Historical Perspectives

Scientific Study of behavior and mental processes.

• Behaviorism

• Humanism

• Psychoanalysis

• Psychology

Credited as the father of psychology because he was the first to establish psychology as an experimental science.

• John Locke

• Wilhem Wundt

• Sigmund Freud

• Max Weber

believed that the mind is separate from the body. This is referred to as dualism- the mind continues after the body dies.

• Soloman Ascho

• Socrates/Plato

• Max Weber

• Sigmund Freud

Believed that the mind and body are of the same and that experiences influence the mind.

• Aristotle

• Socrates/Plato

• Rene Descartes

• Edward Titchener

This was developed by Edward Tichener, was the first school for organizing psychological thought and focused on the internal components of the brain and body; involved introspection.

• Functionalism

• Structuralism

• Gestalt Psychology

• Psychoanalysis

Technique, used by STRUCTURALISTS, that attempted to look inward at elements that made up the conscious experience.

• Dualsim

• Introspection

• Empiricism

• Reflective Analysis

Known for his theory of natural selection

• William James

• John Locke

• Wilhelm Wundt

• Charles Darwin

How nature selects organisms best suited for survival.

• Naturalistic Observation

• Empiricism

• Natural Selection

• Biological Psychology

Belief that knowledge comes from experience; either direct observation or experimentation.

• Evidence

• Empiricism

• Experimentation

• Naturalistic Observation

Founded by John B. Watson and focused on the study of overt or observable behavior; emphasizing the process of learning through rewards, consequences, and observation learning.

• Behaviorism

• Humanism

• Biological

• Social-Cultural